Chinese Journal of Ecology

Leaf Area Loss of Cotton Plant Infested by Carmine Spider Mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus

Wu Kongming

1991, (4): 1-3,22.

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This paper quantitatively describes the changes of chlorophyll content and leaf area loss of cotton plants infested by the mite. Dynamic models of leaf area loss are also established. The conception of "efficient leaf area" is put forward, representing the part of un-infested leaf area, which may be refered to research the leaf area loss of crops infested by other insect pests.

Ecological Distribution and Biochemical Activity of Soil Microorganisms in Qiping Forest Region of Cenxi County, Guangxi Province

Hu Chengbiao, Zhu Hongguang, Wei Yuanlian, Wei Lixiu

1991, (4): 4-8.

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Th ecological distribution and biochemical activity of soil microorganisms have notable differences under six forest types: 1. the total number of soil microbes and that of bacteria and actinomycetes are greatest under evergreen broadleaved forest,then under broadleavedconiferous and homana mixed forest, and least under masson-pine forest, but the number of soil fungi under Chinese fir and masson pine forests is greater than that under Illicium verum and homana forests. 2. the species, groups and genera of bacillus, streptomyces and fungi are more abuncant under broadleaved and coniferous mixed forest and evergreen broadleaved forent than those under mascon pine and Chinese fir forests. 3. the activities of soil microbes and roil enzymes and the soil respiration rate are higher under evergreen broadleaved forest and broadleaved-coniferous mixed forest, and lower under Chinese-fir and masson-pine forests. These results indicate the quick transformation of organic matter, intense biological metabolism and higher fertility and productivity of soils under evergreen broadleaved forest and broadleaved-coniferous mixed forest.

Generation of Screen Graphics Exibiting Chaos and Fractals in Ecological Models

Wang Bennan, Shi Yin

1991, (4): 9-13.

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Milton derived a 'hump-with-tail' map to describe the growth of bobwhite quail population in 1990. In this paper, computer and its graphics capability are used to investigate the chaos in this ecological model. Convergence maps showing fraetals geometry are presented.

Natural Regeneration Pattern of Chinese Pine Population

Li Siwen, Zhang Lianxiang, Sui Guoxin

1991, (4): 14-17.

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The methods of frequency distribution comparison and aggregation index measurement are applied for the research of the natural regeneration patterns of Chinese pine(Pinus tabtaeformis)populaticn. Under semi-arid ecological conditions, the natural regeneration pattern of Chinese pine population is showed to conform with the truncated negative binormial distribution, which belongs to the type pf aggregated distribution. This kind of pattern with higher aggregation intensity is considered to be the best way of distribution for Chinese pine population to survive under unfavorable ecological conditions such as drought and sterile and to reproduce. It prfoundly reveals the biological and ecological characters of Chinese pine population from a different view.

Dynamic Pattern of the Biomass of Dicranopteris dichotoma Communities in Different Environments

Chen Jian

1991, (4): 18-22.

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Two sample plots(plot Ⅰ, pure Dicranopteris dichotoma community and plot Ⅱ, D. dichotoma community under Chinese fir forest)are comparatively investigated, Because of their environmental differences, the two communities have different dynamic patterns of growth and biomass: the maximum growth speed and aboveground-underground biomass in plot Ⅰ are at September, whereas those in plot Ⅱ are at October, As multiple regression anatysis indicates, the aboveground biomass of Dicranopteris dichotoma communities is correlated with the amount of pinnules, length of petioles and environmental illumination, while the underground biomass is correlated with the abovoground biomass, amount of pinnules, length of petioles, environmental illumination and soil moisture content.

Study on Correlations Between Site Factors and Biomass of Litterfall and Undergrowth Plant in Black Locust(Robinta pseudoacacia)Stands

Zhang Bolin

1991, (4): 23-25,47.

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The theory Ⅰ of quantification is used to deal with the correlations between site factors and biomass of litterfall and undergrowth plant in black locust stands in the Loess Plateau region of Shanxi province. The result shows that geomorphological type, soil type, slope direction, altitude, slope gradient, age and density of stand are important factors in determining the quantities of biomass.

Cultivation of Dictyophora indusiata Under Bamboo Stands

Li Changrong, Tu Liubang

1991, (4): 26-29,34.

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Fine breeds of Dictyophora indusiata are selected to combine with bamboo plants, setting an artificial bamboo-fungi complex ecosystem. The adaptive correlations between its biological characteristics and the eco-environment of bamboo stands are dealt with in quantity.The bamboo stands supply Dictyophora indusiata with rich nutrients, high air and soil humidities, relatively stable temperature, appropriate diffuse illumination and acid soil environment. Because of those, the mycelium inoculated on bamboo stumps in bamboo stands grows normally with higher yields and natural flavour. At the same time the life activity of Dictyophora indusiata can speed up the decomposition of bamboo stumps and other litterfalls, improve soil nutrient conditions and promote bamboo growth. They form a stable bamboo-fungi complex ecosystem, with higher economic benefits, 31 times of the output value or 50 times of the net income of bamboo stands.

Research on the Interplanting of Chinese Goldthread Within Chinese Fir and Chinese Cedar Stands

Liu Xiaoying, Wang Guangyan

1991, (4): 30-34.

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The interplanting of Chinese goldthread(Coptis chinensis)within Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata)and Chinese cedar(Cryptomeria fortunei)stands is a common practice in hilly areas of southeastern China.(1)the complex interplanting ecosystem has a considerably higher utilization rate of light-energy and its productivity is higher than pure stands of all three species;(2)the forest-medicinal plant interplanting system provides better environmental conditions for the growth of Chinese goldthread and consequently results in its higher yield;(3)compared with traditional cultivation with artificial shading, the forestmedicinal plant interplanting system can save shading material by 52.5m³ per ha, labor hours by 28.7%, and incroase net income by 62.4%, labor productivity by 30.3%. The interplanting techniques of Chinese fir(or Chinese cedar)and Chinese goldthread are also briefly discussed.

Rubber-Coffee Interplanting Model in the Construction of Ecolomic Rubber Plantation

Huang Kexin, Ni Shubang

1991, (4): 35-37.

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The investigation indicates that rubber-coffee interplanting system can make proper use of soil resources and light energy and produce higher economic benefits.Rubber trees are planted closely with wide row spaces and enough light radiation can let in, which can reduce the cut-side and base rots and the cold-injury of rubber trees. Coffee and green manures are planted respectively among wide and narrow row spaces, forming a steroscopic structure. Both rubber and coffee can obtain higher productivities.

On the Climatic Ecology of "Steroscopic Agriculture"

Han Huijun

1991, (4): 38-41.

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Proceeded from climatic-ecological conditions, steroscopic agricultural models were designed. In the meanwhile,proceeded from steroscopic agriculture, effective ways in making agroclimatic resources provide more material and energy for the quantity and quality of agricultural products were approached.

Trends in Soil Ecology Research

Wu Shanmei

1991, (4): 42-47.

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Some basic concepts and advances in soil ecology research are summarized in the paper. Soil ecological structures and functions are greatly influenced by man's activities, such as farming, forest management, soil management, land use and soil pollution. In the conservation of soil resource and promotion of its productivity. soil biological system resource is urgently needed to be protected.

Conjugated and Bound Residues of Pesticides

Huang Xin, Fan Defang

1991, (4): 48-51.

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This paper summarizes the researches abroad on conjugated and bound residues of pesticides. The conjugated or bound residues of pesticide, in the environmental sense, have varied biological effects. Their behaviors in environment are different from those of unconjugated or un-bound parent molecules or residues. By conjugation or binding, some of the pesticide molecules are activated, others are decreased by biological activities. According to these, the speciality of pesticide persistence in soil is re-evaluated.

Influence of Temperature on the Generational Distribution of An. sinensis and Its Effective Seasons for Malaria Transmission in China

Ding Dejun, Zhang Xuhui, Zhao Yongjin

1991, (4): 52-57.

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The relationship between temperature and developmental course of An. sinensis is analysed, The distribution pattern of its generations and effcctive seasons for malaria transmission in various latitudes of China are elucidated.

Psammophytic Vegetations on Coasts of Jiaodong Area

Xu Docheng

1991, (4): 58-61.

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The plant community of coastal psammophytic vegetations is consisted of psammophytes and other sand-tolerating plant species. Their basic characteristics are:(1)simple species composition(40 seed plant species, belonging to 19 families and 35 genera are recorded);(2)fewer community types and less-intensive distribution;(3)life-forms being mainly geocryptophytes and annualis, which belong to two different growth forms. These vegetations are divided into two main types(herbaceous and lignosas)and 12 communities. Their successional patterns and related problems concerning their exploitation, utilization and preservation are discussed.

Ecological Investigation on Ticks in Mountainous Area of Dongning County, Heilongjiang Province

Liu Guoping, Quan Lihua, Xu Zhengfu, Kan Jingbo, Li Li, Zhang Xingwang

1991, (4): 62-64.

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Among the recorded 4 species of ticks, Dermacentor silvarum is dominant during April May in various habitats, especially in scrub area. The seasonal peak of it appears at the first ten-days of May, and is replaced by Haemaphsalis during June-July. The seasonal peaks of Ixodes persulcatus and Hamaephysalis japonica appear at the third ten-days of May. Oniy the quantitative peak of Haemaphysalis coninna appears at the third ten-days of June. Among the various investigated rats, Dermacentor silbarum is the dominant tick on is the dominant tick on Cricellus barabensis, Apodemus agearius, A.spesciousus and C. triton. The parasitic rate and index of Ixodes porsulcatus on the 5 rat spcies are higher than other tick species in the investigated area.

Application of the Principles of Limiting Factors to Prediction of Plant Production

Yue Tianxiang

1991, (4): 65-67.

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The principles of limiting factors are analysed and reviewed, and on this basis, the dynamic model of plant production is designed and simulated which can better reflect the effects of climate(temperature, water, light etc.), basic ground(physical geography, soil), investment and their interactions on plant production. The model has been applied to the prediction of wheat yields in the west district of the Yellow River in Gansu province and satisfactory results are obtained.

Ecological Consciousness and Its Main Characteristics

Yu Mouchang

1991, (4): 68-71.

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Ecological consciousness is a new independent form of consciousness. It originates from human's reflection about the degradation of global environment, with which, human beings come to realize the significance of bettor ecological environment to human existance. It is also the understanding about the ecosystem as a whole. This paper introduces the concept and formation of ecological consciousness and its main characteristics and functions.

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