Abstract: Understanding the spatiotemporal variations and driving factors of trade-offs and synergies among ecosystem services is of great significance for ecosystem management and resource allocation optimization. In this study, the InVEST models were used to quantify ecosystem services in Jiangxi Province from 2000 to 2020, including habitat quality, carbon storage, water yield, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) outputs, and soil conservation. The trade-offs and synergies among ecosystem services were determined by Spearman correlation analysis and geographically weighted regression, and their determinants were further identified by random forests. The results showed that habitat quality of Jiangxi Province remained relatively stable during the study period. The TP and TN outputs showed an increasing trend. Carbon storage showed a slight decreasing trend, and water yield and soil conservation increased but followed by decreasing trends. Habitat quality, carbon storage and soil conservation exhibited spatial patterns of “low in middle and high in the periphery”, while TP and TN outputs were opposite. There were significant synergies between habitat quality and carbon storage, between habitat quality and soil conservation, and between carbon storage and soil conservation. There were trade-offs between the outputs of TN and habitat quality, carbon storage and soil conservation. Gross domestic product, precipitation and slope were the determinants on habitat quality, water yield and soil conservation, respectively. The distance to river was the driving factor for the TP and TN outputs. The intensities of trade-offs/synergies between ecosystem services were jointly regulated by precipitation, the distance to rivers and settlements, elevation, temperature and population.

Key words: ecosystem service, trade-off and synergy, InVEST model, influencing factor