Abstract: As an important component of rice production in China, rice-fish co-culture is a model of the combination of rice planting and aquaculture, with a long history and obvious economic, ecological, and social benefits. It has been widely used in different rice-producing regions. We reviewed the development history, distribution area, and main modes of rice-fish co-culture, as well as related fundamental studies in terms of economic benefits, rice yield, growth characteristics, soil and water ecological environments, biodiversity, and greenhouse gas emissions. There are some problems in rice-fish co-culture, including lack of in-depth research, non-standard planting and breeding technology, emphasis on breeding, few suitable rice cultivars, high density of fish breeding. To fully develop the production potential of rice-fish co-culture, we proposed development opinions from the aspects of technical training, focusing on rice planting, screening of suitable rice cultivars, and controlling water pollutions, which provides theoretical supports for improving the quality and efficiency of agriculture and its sustainable development.

Key words: rice, rice-fish co-culture, development process, framing model.