Abstract: Inner Mongolia is an important ecological security barrier for northern China. It is of great significance to understand the changes of extreme climate and its impacts on the net primary productivity (NPP) for the prevention of climate disasters and ecological protection. In this study, based on temperature and precipitation data and MODIS NPP data in Inner Mongolia, the temporal and spatial variations of extreme temperature and precipitation events and their effects on NPP were analyzed using linear trend analysis, GIS and correlation analysis. The results showed that the indices of both extreme high temperature and extreme precipitation showed an upward trend, while the index of extreme low temperature witnessed a downward trend. From 2000 to 2017, the annual NPP of Inner Mongolia increased significantly, with the greatest increase in eastern regions. The NPP in Inner Mongolia was more affected by extreme precipitation than extreme temperature, with the influence of extreme precipitation depending on vegetation types. Specifically, the extreme precipitation event had the greatest impacts on desert steppe, followed by typical steppe, shrubland, gobi desert, sandy vegetation, and field crops.

Key words: extreme temperature, extreme precipitation, net primary productivity, Inner Mongolia.