七星瓢虫对胡萝卜微管蚜为害的蛇床及其挥发物的行为反应

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202506.026

生态学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (6): 1671-1771.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202506.026

七星瓢虫对胡萝卜微管蚜为害的蛇床及其挥发物的行为反应

朱霄冰¹,宋泽宇¹,蒋欣²,魏倩彤¹,单淑莲¹,肖鑫如¹,陈法军^1*

（¹农林生物安全全国重点实验室（南京），南京农业大学植物保护学院，南京 210095； ²山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所，济南 250100）

出版日期:2025-06-10 发布日期:2025-06-03

Behavioral responses of Coccinella septempunctata to Cnidium monnieri and its volatiles infested by Semiaphis heraclei.

ZHU Xiaobing¹, SONG Zeyu¹, JIANG Xin², WEI Qiantong¹, SHAN Shulian¹, XIAO Xinru¹, CHEN Fajun^1*

(¹State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; ²Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China).

Online:2025-06-10 Published:2025-06-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 七星瓢虫（Coccinella septempunctata）是鞘翅目瓢虫科的捕食性昆虫，是蚜虫、粉虱等农业重大害虫的主要天敌，在害虫生物防治中扮演重要角色。本研究采用动态顶空吸附法和气质联用技术（GC-MS）测定了胡萝卜微管蚜（Semiaphis heraclei）为害下中草药植株蛇床（Cnidium monnieri）的挥发物组分变化，并利用Y型嗅觉仪测定了七星瓢虫成虫对蚜虫为害的蛇床植株及6种差异挥发物的行为反应，以探究小麦等作物生产中作为功能植物的蛇床的挥发物在吸引捕食性天敌瓢虫中的作用。结果表明：（1）与空白对照相比，七星瓢虫成虫更倾向选择健康植株和蚜虫为害植株，但健康植株和蚜虫为害植株对七星瓢虫的吸引作用无显著差异；（2）健康植株、蚜虫为害后去除与不去除蚜虫的植株的挥发物中都含有烷烃类、烯烃类、芳香烃、醇类、酯类、酮类、醛类和酚类共八大类33种化合物；（3）蚜虫为害后无论是否去除蚜虫均显著提高了蛇床挥发物中正庚烷、正十一烷、正十二烷、对二甲苯、2-乙基己醇和对乙基苯乙酮的相对含量，并显著降低了十四烷、十七烷、α-蒎烯、2,2,4-三甲基-1,3-戊二醇二异丁酸酯和4乙基苯甲醛的相对含量；（4）10 μL·mL^-1对二甲苯对雌、雄成虫均具有显著的吸引作用，选择率分别为76.7%和73.3%；此外，10 μL·mL^-1正庚烷和对乙基苯乙酮对雄成虫也都具有显著的吸引作用，选择率均为70.0%。可见，蛇床挥发物中的对二甲苯、正庚烷和对乙基苯乙酮可用于研发引诱剂，用于田间天敌瓢虫的诱集，提高天敌生防作用。

关键词: 蛇床, 胡萝卜微管蚜, 七星瓢虫, 植物挥发物, 行为反应, 生物防治

Abstract: Coccinella septempunctata, from Coccinellidae family of Coleoptera, is a natural predator of aphids, whitefly, and other major agricultural pests and thus plays an important role in biological control of these pests. In this study, we identified the volatile components (VOCs) of the Chinese herbal plant of snake-bed grass Cnidium monnieri infested by the aphid Semiaphis heraclei using dynamic head-space adsorption and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The behavioral response of C. septempunctata to the snake-bed grass after aphid infestation and six kinds of VOCs differentially released by the plants were observed by Y-tube olfactometer, in order to explore the role of these VOCs in attracting predator C. septempunctata. The results showed that: (1) Compared with the control, C. septempunctata adults preferred healthy and aphid-infested plants, but there was no significant difference in attracting C. septempunctata adults between the healthy plants and those infested by aphids. (2) A total of 33 kinds of VOCs were all detected in the healthy plants, infested plants with and without S. heraclei aphids after the infestation, which were classified into eight classes: alkanes, alkenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters, ketones, aldehydes, and phenols. (3) Aphid infestation significantly enhanced the relative contents of n-heptane, n-undecane, n-dodecane, p-xylene, 2-ethylhexanol and p-ethylacetophenone, and reduced the relative contents of tetradecane, heptadecane, α-pinene, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate and 4-ethylbenzaldehyde in the VOCs from C. monnieri plants with and without aphids after the infestation. (4) 10 μL·mL^-1 p-xylene exhibited a significant attraction to both male and female adults of C. septempunctata, with the selection rate of 76.7% and 73.3% respectively. 10 μL·mL^-1 p-ethylacetophenone had a significant attraction to male adults of C. septempunctata with a selection rate of 70.0%. Our results indicated that p-xylene, n-heptane, and p-ethylacetophenone in the VOCs from C. monnieri can be used to make the attractants for C. septempunctata in fields to improve the biocontrol effect of natural enemies.

Key words: Cnidium monnieri, Semiaphis heraclei, Coccinella septempunctata, plant volatile, behavioral response, biocontrol

朱霄冰, 宋泽宇, 蒋欣, 魏倩彤, 单淑莲, 肖鑫如, 陈法军. 七星瓢虫对胡萝卜微管蚜为害的蛇床及其挥发物的行为反应[J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(6): 1671-1771.

ZHU Xiaobing, SONG Zeyu, JIANG Xin, WEI Qiantong, SHAN Shulian, XIAO Xinru, CHEN Fajun. Behavioral responses of Coccinella septempunctata to Cnidium monnieri and its volatiles infested by Semiaphis heraclei.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2025, 44(6): 1671-1771.

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七星瓢虫对胡萝卜微管蚜为害的蛇床及其挥发物的行为反应

Behavioral responses of Coccinella septempunctata to Cnidium monnieri and its volatiles infested by Semiaphis heraclei.

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