区域互置模拟对亚热带3种典型树种凋落叶分解初期主场效应的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202502.039

生态学杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (2): 373-382.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202502.039

区域互置模拟对亚热带3种典型树种凋落叶分解初期主场效应的影响

俞珺慈¹,周长剑¹,戴渺鸿²,晏召贵¹,滕明君¹,王鹏程¹,何伟^1*,曾立雄³

(¹华中农业大学园艺林学学院，湖北林业信息工程技术研究中心，武汉 430070; ²湖北省林业调查规划院，武汉 430079; ³中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所，国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室，北京 100091)

出版日期:2025-02-10 发布日期:2025-01-24

Influences of cross-regional reciprocal translocation simulation on home-field effects of three typical subtropical tree species during early leaf litter decomposition.

YU Junci¹, ZHOU Changjian¹, DAI Miaohong², YAN Zhaogui¹, TENG Mingjun¹, WANG Pengcheng¹, HE Wei^1*, ZENG Lixiong³

(¹Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Forestry Information, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; ²Hubei Forestry Survey and Planning Institute, Wuhan 430079, China; ³Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China).

Online:2025-02-10 Published:2025-01-24

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究亚热带3种主要造林树种（马尾松、杉木和栓皮栎）凋落叶分解初期在区域尺度上的主场效应表现及潜在驱动机制，采集南亚热带和北亚热带原生土壤和凋落叶，在室内基于两地平均温度同时模拟同区域及跨区域的凋落叶互置分解实验，比较了3种类型凋落叶126 d内在特定温度不同土壤互置条件下质量损失率和氮释放率的主场效应特征。结果发现：（1）凋落叶类型及分解时间显著影响凋落叶的质量损失率和氮释放率，整个实验期间栓皮栎凋落叶表现出最大的质量损失率和氮释放率（分别为32.43%和33.51%），而杉木凋落叶的质量损失率相对较低（15.35%）；（2）同区域互置条件下，栓皮栎凋落叶仅在北亚热带土壤上表现出氮释放主场负效应（-28.35%），而马尾松凋落叶在南亚热带土壤上同时表现出质量损失和氮释放的主场负效应（分别为-3.20%和-17.65%），杉木凋落叶在南亚热带土壤上表现出质量损失正效应（2.13%）；跨区域互置条件下，无论主场在北亚热带还是南亚热带，栓皮栎凋落叶皆表现出质量损失或氮释放的主场负效应（-57.55%～-3.70%）；而马尾松和杉木凋落叶在主场为北亚热带时其质量损失或氮释放表现出主场负效应（-31.76%～-4.40%），在主场为南亚热带时二者表现出主场正效应（3.78%～58.43%）；（3）相较于同区域互置，跨区域互置条件下凋落叶质量损失主场增加量(ADH)和氮释放ADH的幅度及其主场效应表现频次相对增加；阶段的质量损失与微生物生物量氮呈显著正相关，而同区域互置条件下，氮释放ADH与微生物量呈显著负相关，跨区域互置条件下，氮释放ADH与温度呈显著正相关。这些结果表明，亚热带3种典型树种凋落叶分解的主场效应受温度、凋落叶类型、分解时间和土壤微生物的综合影响，而除基质质量外，温度可显著制约跨区域互置条件下凋落叶的主场效应表现。

关键词: 凋落叶分解, 土壤微生物生物量, 质量损失率, 氮释放率, 主场效应

Abstract: To investigate the home-field effects of litter decomposition and the underlying mechanisms at the regional scale, we examined mass loss rate and nitrogen release rate of leaf litter from three dominant tree species of subtropical China (Pinus massoniana, Cunninghamia lanceolata, and Quercus variabilis) under interplanting conditions of different soils at specific temperatures. We collected soil and leaf litter samples in sites of the southern and northern subtropics and carried out a 126-day indoor decomposition experiment under different temperatures. The results showed that: (1) species identity and decomposition time significantly affected the mass loss rate and nitrogen release rate of leaf litter, with Q. variabilis showing the greatest mass loss rate and nitrogen release rate during the 126 days (32.43% and 33.51%), with C. lanceolata having a relatively low mass loss rate (15.35%); (2) Under the same-regional interplanting conditions, Q. variabilis showed home-field disadvantage of nitrogen release only on north subtropical soils (-28.35%), P. massoniana showed both home-field disadvantage of mass loss and nitrogen release on south subtropical soils (-3.20% and -17.65%), and C. lanceolata showed home-field advantage of mass loss on south subtropical soils (2.13%). Under the cross-regional interplanting conditions, Q. variabilis showed home-field disadvantage of mass loss and nitrogen release regardless of the northern and southern subtropics (-57.55% to -3.70%), while P. massoniana and C. lanceolata showed home-field disadvantage of mass loss or nitrogen release in the northern subtropics (-31.76% to -4.40%), and home-field advantage in the southern subtropics (3.78% to 58.43%); (3) The range of home-field advantage (additional decomposition at home, ADH) in leaf litter mass loss and nitrogen release and the frequency of their home-field effect increased under cross-regional interplanting conditions compared to the same-regional interplanting. Staged mass loss was positively correlated with microbial biomass nitrogen, whereas ADH of nitrogen release was negatively correlated with microbial biomass under same-regional interplanting conditions, and ADH of nitrogen release was positively correlated with temperature under cross-regional interplanting conditions. These results suggest that the home-field effects of leaf litter decomposition of the three tree species in the subtropics were affected by a combination of temperature, leaf litter species, decomposition time, and soil microorganisms. In contrast, temperature, in addition to substrate quality, can significantly constrain the home-field effects of leaf litter decomposition under cross-regional interplanting conditions.

Key words: leaf litter decomposition, soil microbial biomass, mass loss, nutrient release, home-field effect

俞珺慈, 周长剑, 戴渺鸿, 晏召贵, 滕明君, 王鹏程, 何伟, 曾立雄. 区域互置模拟对亚热带3种典型树种凋落叶分解初期主场效应的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2025, 44(2): 373-382.

YU Junci, ZHOU Changjian, DAI Miaohong, YAN Zhaogui, TENG Mingjun, WANG Pengcheng, HE Wei, ZENG Lixiong. Influences of cross-regional reciprocal translocation simulation on home-field effects of three typical subtropical tree species during early leaf litter decomposition.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2025, 44(2): 373-382.

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区域互置模拟对亚热带3种典型树种凋落叶分解初期主场效应的影响

Influences of cross-regional reciprocal translocation simulation on home-field effects of three typical subtropical tree species during early leaf litter decomposition.

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