豫南夏花生种植区土壤pH时空演变及其驱动力

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202401.002

生态学杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 188-196.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202401.002

豫南夏花生种植区土壤pH时空演变及其驱动力

索炎炎¹,张翔^1*,吴士文²,司贤宗¹,李亮¹,徐凤丹¹,程培军¹,李倩¹

（¹河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所，郑州 450002； ²华北水利水电大学测绘与地理信息学院，郑州 450046）

出版日期:2024-01-10 发布日期:2024-01-10

Spatiotemporal variations and driving forces of soil pH in peanut planting area in southern Henan Province.

SUO Yanyan¹, ZHANG Xiang^1*, WU Shiwen², SI Xianzong¹, LI Liang¹, XU Fengdan¹, CHENG Peijun¹, LI Qian¹#br#

#br#

(¹Institute of Plant Nutrient, Resources and Environment, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China; ² College of Surveying and Geo-informatics, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China).

Online:2024-01-10 Published:2024-01-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究花生种植区土壤酸化特征及其驱动因素，为花生种植土壤酸化改良提供理论依据。采用数据收集和田间取样分析方法，获取豫南典型花生种植区正阳县土壤pH及其驱动因子数据，利用GIS技术分析土壤pH时空变化特征，并基于增强回归树（BRT）模型识别影响土壤酸化的关键驱动因素。结果表明：正阳县花生种植土壤pH普遍呈下降趋势；土壤pH平均值由1980年的7.06降至2020年的5.15；弱碱性与中性土壤面积大幅度下降，酸性土壤面积增加；1980—2020年土壤pH面积变化最大的区间为-2.0～-1.5，占全县面积的51.9%；砂姜黑土区土壤酸化最严重，而水稻土和潮土区土壤pH下降幅度较小；BRT模型分析表明，阳离子交换量是造成2020年土壤pH空间变异的最主要因素，其贡献率达到26.2%；其次是速效钾含量、年均降雨量、有机质含量和全氮含量，贡献率分别为11.0%、7.7%、7.2%和6.9%；土壤pH随土壤阳离子交换量、年均降雨量、速效钾含量、有机质含量的增加而增加，但随土壤全氮含量的增加而降低。综上，正阳县夏花生种植土壤酸化形势严峻，尤其是砂姜黑土区，具有普遍性和局部严重性的特征；所研究因素中，阳离子交换量是花生种植土壤pH空间变异的最主要驱动因素，今后应优化水肥管理，通过维持土壤中盐基离子库的平衡，提升土壤有机质和氮利用率，进而有效抑制土壤酸化。

关键词: 花生种植区, 土壤pH, 时空特征, 驱动因素, 增强回归树

Abstract: Exploration of the characteristics and driving factors of soil acidification in peanut planting areas is of great significance in providing theoretical basis for the improvement of peanut planting soil acidification. Soil pH and its driving factors in Zhengyang County, a typical peanut planting area in southern Henan were obtained through data collection and field sampling methods. The temporal and spatial variations of soil pH were analyzed using GIS technology. Their key influencing factors were identified by the boosted regression tree (BRT) model. The results showed that soil pH of peanut planting area in Zhengyang County generally showed a decreasing trend. Soil pH declined from 7.06 in 1980 to 5.15 in 2020. The area of weakly alkaline and neutral soil decreased significantly, while the area of acidic soil increased. From 1980 to 2020, the variation range of soil pH with the largest change in area was -2.0 to -1.5, accounting for 51.9% of the whole county’s area. The most serious soil acidification occurred in lime concretion black soil, while soil pH decreased to a lesser extent in paddy soil and fluvoaquic soil. The BRT analysis showed that cation exchange capacity (CEC) was the most important factor affecting the spatial variation of soil pH in 2020, with a contribution rate of 26.2%, followed by available potassium content (AK), annual mean precipitation (AMP), soil organic matter content (SOM) and total nitrogen content (TN), with contribution rates of 11.0%, 7.7%, 7.2%, and 6.9%, respectively. Soil pH increased with increasing soil CEC, AMP, AK and SOM, but decreased with increasing soil TN. In conclusion, soil acidification of summer peanut planting in Zhengyang County is serious, especially in lime concretion black soil region, and with the characteristics of universality and local severity. Among all the factors examined, CEC is the most important driving factor for the spatial variation of soil pH. In the future, water and fertilizer management should be optimized to improve soil organic matter and nitrogen use efficiency by maintaining the balance of base ion pool in soil, so as to effectively inhibit soil acidification in peanut planting areas.

Key words: peanut growing area, soil pH, spatiotemporal characteristics, driving factor, boosted regression tree

索炎炎, 张翔, 吴士文, 司贤宗, 李亮, 徐凤丹, 程培军, 李倩. 豫南夏花生种植区土壤pH时空演变及其驱动力[J]. 生态学杂志, 2024, 43(1): 188-196.

SUO Yanyan, ZHANG Xiang, WU Shiwen, SI Xianzong, LI Liang, XU Fengdan, CHENG Peijun, LI Qian. Spatiotemporal variations and driving forces of soil pH in peanut planting area in southern Henan Province.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2024, 43(1): 188-196.

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豫南夏花生种植区土壤pH时空演变及其驱动力

Spatiotemporal variations and driving forces of soil pH in peanut planting area in southern Henan Province.

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