树干空洞对胡杨长势与心边材特征的影响

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202110.014

生态学杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (10): 3070-3077.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202110.014

树干空洞对胡杨长势与心边材特征的影响

热依拉·木民^1,2,玉米提·哈力克^1*,塔依尔江·艾山¹,崔宝凯²

（¹新疆大学资源与环境科学学院，新疆维吾尔自治区绿洲生态教育部重点实验室，乌鲁木齐 830046; ²北京林业大学生态与自然保护学院微生物研究所，北京 100083）

出版日期:2021-10-10 发布日期:2022-04-01

The influence of trunk cavity on tree vitality and heartwood/sapwood characteristics of Populus euphratica Oliv.

Reyila Mumin^1,2,müt Halik^1*, Tayierjiang Aishan¹, Cui Bao-kai²

(¹College of Resources and Environmental Science, Xinjiang University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830046, China; ²School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Institute of Microbiology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China).

Online:2021-10-10 Published:2022-04-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 胡杨（Populus euphratica）是我国西北干旱区荒漠河岸林优势建群种，对于维持区域生态系统稳定性有着不可替代的作用。在恶劣的自然环境和人为干扰下，胡杨林遭受破坏，退化严重，树干空穴化较为突出，对胡杨的长势、健康和生存产生极大威胁。本研究在塔里木河下游阿拉干断面胡杨林设置监测样地，通过野外采样和室内测定，并运用两独立样本差异显著性检验，分析空心与未空心胡杨在长势、心边材含水率和密度的差异，试图探明树干空心对胡杨树体的影响。结果表明：树干空心对胡杨树高的负面影响显著，并且造成树冠疏失度的增高（P<0.05），而对冠宽度、冠高比、冠幅面积、偏冠率等长势特征并未造成显著影响（P>0.05）。当胸径（DBH）为25～35 cm、35～45 cm时，空心胡杨心材生材含水率（243.9%）显著高于未空心胡杨心材（170.5%）；当DBH>25 cm时，空心胡杨心材气干含水率（7.3%）显著低于未空心胡杨心材（11.1%）；空心胡杨边材的生材含水率和气干含水率均低于未空心胡杨（P<0.05），但DBH为35～45 cm时，其差异不显著（P>0.05）。空心胡杨心材生材密度、气干密度、全干密度和基本密度均显著小于未空心胡杨（P<0.05）。当DBH>25 cm时，空心胡杨边材的各项密度均小于未空心胡杨（P<0.05）。可知，树干空心在一定程度上会限制树高生长，造成树冠衰退，致使心边材密度下降。本研究结果不仅有助于了解树干空心对树木健康造成的风险，同时可为胡杨林资源保育和管理提供一定的参考。

关键词: 河岸林, 胡杨, 空心树, 心-边材含水率, 心-边材密度

Abstract: Populus euphraticais a dominant tree species of desert riparian forest in the arid region of northwest China, which plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining the stability of regional fragile ecosystem.P. euphratica forest has been damaged and severely degraded due to the harsh natural environment and human disturbance. Trunk hollow is extremely prominent, posing a great threat to its vitality, health, and survival. We set up a monitoring plot in P. euphratica forest in the Argan section along the lower Tarim River. By field sampling and laboratory measurement, we compared the growth, heartwood/sapwood water content, and wood density of hollow and non-hollow trees by testing the differences between two independent samples. The results showed that hollow trunk had significant negative impacts on tree height of P. euphratica, and increased crown loss (P<0.05), but did not affect crown width, crown/height ratio, crown area and crown deviation rate (P>0.05). Water content (243.9%) of heartwood of hollow trees with DBH of 25-35 cm and 35-45 cm was significantly higher than that of non-hollow trees (170.5%). The airdry water content (7.3%) of heartwood of hollow trees with DBH >25 cm was significantly lower than that of non-hollow trees (11.1%). Water content and air-dry water content of sapwood of hollow trees were lower than those of non-hollow trees (P<0.05), but the difference was not significant at DBH of 35-45 cm (P>0.05). Wood density, air-dry density, total dry density and basic density of heartwood of hollow trees were significantly lower than those of nonhollow trees (P<0.05). When DBH was at >25 cm, the four density indices of sapwood of hollow trees were lower than that of non-hollow trees (P<0.05). Therefore, trunk hollow may restrict the growth of tree height to a certain extent, resulting in decline of tree crown and heartwood/sapwood density. The results improve our understanding of the risk of trunk hollow on tree health and provide reference for the conservation and management of P. euphratica forest resources.

Key words: riparian forest, Populus euphratica, hollow tree, heartwood/sapwood water content, heart-sapwood density.

热依拉·木民, 玉米提·哈力克, 塔依尔江·艾山, 崔宝凯. 树干空洞对胡杨长势与心边材特征的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2021, 40(10): 3070-3077.

Reyila Mumin, müt Halik, Tayierjiang Aishan, Cui Bao-kai. The influence of trunk cavity on tree vitality and heartwood/sapwood characteristics of Populus euphratica Oliv.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2021, 40(10): 3070-3077.

[1]	王杰, 黑玉龙, 黄文娟, 王鑫, 李鹏飞, 姚诗雨, 彭承志. 不同生境下胡杨树体离子平衡及其与土壤因子关系 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2024, 43(1): 153-161.
[2]	李秀, 翟军团, 宋照龙, 李玉霞, 李志军. 胡杨枝叶形态及化学计量特征的性别差异 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2023, 42(7): 1586-1594.
[3]	李涛, 罗光明, 董克鹏, 彭丽萍, 戴岳, 麦尔哈巴·尼加提. 克里雅河尾闾河岸不同生长阶段胡杨的水分利用 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2021, 40(4): 989-997.
[4]	白雪, 赵成章, 康满萍. 疏勒河中游河岸林地下水埋深对胡杨幼苗生物量分配与生长的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2020, 39(11): 3605-3612.
[5]	王文娟,王健铭,张天汉,曲来叶,李景文. 放牧对不同径级胡杨根际土壤真菌群落代谢特征的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2019, 38(5): 1267-1275.
[6]	曾勇,赵成义,李传金,郑金强,吕光辉,李彦. 塔里木河沿岸不同生境下胡杨（Populus euphratica）群落的空间分布格局及关联性 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2019, 38(11): 3273-3282.
[7]	梁雪,李永春*,陈相君,李永夫,陈俊辉,徐秋芳. 新疆木垒胡杨林区三种林分土壤真菌群落特征 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2017, 36(3): 623-630.
[8]	钟小莉1,马晓东1,2*,吕豪豪1,朱成刚2,杨余辉1. 干旱胁迫下氮素对胡杨幼苗生长及光合的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2017, 36(10): 2777-2786.
[9]	刘俊雁1,2,郑征2,牛燕芬3,董廷发1*. 西双版纳热带森林空心树形成概率及其影响因素 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2016, 35(10): 2621-2626.
[10]	于秀立1,2,吕新华2,刘红玲3,李桂芳2,庄丽2*. 天然和人工种植胡杨植冠的构型分析 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2016, 35(1): 32-40.
[11]	李加好,刘帅飞,李志军**. 胡杨枝、叶和花芽形态数量变化与个体发育阶段的关系 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2015, 34(4): 941-946.
[12]	陈海燕1,2,陈亚宁1**. 新疆塔里木河干流荒漠河岸林植被带变化 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2015, 34(11): 3166-3173.
[13]	冯梅,黄文娟,李志军**. 胡杨叶形变化与叶片养分间的关系 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2014, 33(6): 1467-1473.
[14]	王家强1,伍维模1,2**,李志军1,2,温善菊1,牛建龙1,迟春明1. 基于高光谱指数的塔里木河上游胡杨和灰叶胡杨叶片氮素含量估测 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2014, 33(10): 2858-2864.
[15]	郑亚琼1,2,周正立1,2,李志军1,2**. 灰叶胡杨横走侧根空间分布与克隆繁殖的关系 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2013, 32(10): 2641-2646.

树干空洞对胡杨长势与心边材特征的影响

The influence of trunk cavity on tree vitality and heartwood/sapwood characteristics of Populus euphratica Oliv.

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价