Table of Content

10 August 1989, Volume 8 Issue 04

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Seasonal Dynamics of Phyto-biomass in Subtropical Mountainous Grassland in Western Sichuan Basin

Zhou Shourong, Gan Youmin, Pu Chaolong, Zhang Shiyong

1989, (4):  1-4,12. 

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The plant biomass in mountainous grassland varies with the change of seasons: 1. The quantity of aboveground biomass is very lower in spring, grows rapidly in summer and autumn, and reduces in winter. Therefore, grazing would not begin too early in spring, or ceases too late in winter. 2. The quantities of underground biomass are larger than those of aboveground biomass in all seasons of the year. The total underground blomass varies in positive correlation with the change of biomass in 0—10cm soil layers. 3. The total blomass reduces during the rapid growth period of plant in summer and increases in autumn and winter. In the subtropical mountainous grassland ecosystem, the total biomass functions to supply forage for livestocks, to maintain the renewal of forage plants, to protect soil from erosion and to stabilize the grassland environments. Over-grazing must be avoided in the mountainous grasslands.

Distribution of Directive Radiation on Sand-hilly Slopes of Wulanaodu Region

Zhu Jinwei, Jin Mingde, Zhu Tingyao Kong Fanzi, Lu Fengyong, Zhao Huanyin

1989, (4):  5-12. 

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In the summer time of Wulanaodu region, changes of directive radiation with slope gradients are gentle on south, southeast and southwest facing slopes, but sharp on north facing slope. The hottest slope gradient (gradient with maximum directive radiation) increases as slope dlreetions aFFroaeh the south. In winter,directive radiations reduce rapidly from south to north facing slopes, the reduction becomes greater as slope gradient increases. Directive radiations increase with increasing slope gradient in all slopes to the south,and reduce gradually after they surpass the hottest gradient of the slope.

Aggregated Intensity of Dominant Species of Zooplankton in Autumn in the East China Sea and Yellow Sea

Xu Zhaoli, Chen Yaqu

1989, (4):  13-15,19. 

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Based on materials of 48 samples collected in Sept.—Oct. of 1983 in the northern and southern fishing grounds, this paper studies and eompares the spatial distribution of dominant species of zooplankton in the two fishing grounds. The index of aggregated intensity has been used in the study. In the northern fishing ground, dominant species of zooplankton are less abundant in number and are concentratively distributed with high aggregated intensity.In the southern fishing ground,they are on the contrary. The location and characters of high plankton biomass areas in the northern fishing ground are coinoided with those of mackerel and sead central fishing ground. In the southern fishing ground, the scope of central ground is less concentrated as in the northern fishing ground, and it needs to be expanded in the exploitation of the mackerel and scad seined grounds in autumn in the southern fishing ground.

Approaches to the Transformation and Utilization of Natural Shrubs in the "Three North" Regio

Jiang Fengqi, Yang Ruiyingo Xue Cai, Lin Heming

1989, (4):  16-19. 

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It is important to protect, transform and make proper use of the natural shrubs for maintaining ecological balance and improving the production of animal husbandry and sidelines in the "three north" region. Taking an example of the shrubs in Wulanaodu area which is located in the east of the "three north" region, this paper summarized the five years experiment (1981—1985) on three kinds of transformation measures:round enclosing, aboveground cutting and seeding. The tnatural shrubs in this region are devided into three types and each given a corresponding model for the rationaI utilization of the natural shrub resources.

Study on the Occurence Pattern of Leopard Moth

Huang Jinshui

1989, (4):  20-23. 

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Leopard moth(Zeuzara multistrigata)is a primary pest damaging the trunks of Casuarina equisetifelia along coastal regions of Fujian province. The biological characters of this insect are studied in this paper. Close relations are found between its occurence and ecological factors. Damage on tree trunks is heavy in forest, in which, there is an abundant sunlight or the shade density below 0.7. Forests over 7 years in age are almost undamaged by the insect. The damage is lighter in mixed forests than in pure ones. Soil improvement and basal fertilizer application can increase the defensive ability of trees to the insect. When there are rich ground vegetation and large amount of natural enemies, the rampancy of leopard moth can easily be controlled. Sanitation culting can also reduce the sources of the insect.

Study on Eco-climatic Features of Xinjiang Wild Walnut

Xu Deyan

1989, (4):  24-27. 

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The Xinjiang wild walnut and cultivated walnut belong to tbe same species,which demands strict ecological conditions.Based on more than 3 years observation and research, this paper analyzed the eco-elimatic factors for the su(?)vival and thriving of Xinjiang wild walnut in the front mountain areas of midtemperate Yili Valley. Fuzzy analysis of similarity and priority ratioes of climatic factors are made,and regions most suitable for the growth of walnut are identified.The analytical results are in ac(?)ordance with production reality.It (?)rovides a scientific basis for the rational exploitation and utilization of climatic resources in the front mountain areas in Yili Valley and for the development of economic forests and rapid-growlng timber forests.

Territoriality of Black Drongo(Dicrurus macrocercus) during its Breeding Period

Lu Xin

1989, (4):  28-30,34. 

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Field work was carried out during May-Aug. of 1987 in Taiyuan of Shanxi province. According to the flying characters of Black Drongo, 6 types are devided (touring,expelling, feeding, material-bringing, food-bringing and random). The frequency of each flying type (freq/hr) varies in different breeding stages of this bird. The territory size is larggest in nest-building period and smallest in incubation period (2.44 and 0.70 ha respectively).Both sexes defend their common territory by singing, touring and expelling. 18 species of other birds are found in the territory, among which, 5 species are attacked by Black Drongo when they slowly close to it.

Eco-environmental Conditions in West Hubei Autonomous Prefecture for the Cultivation of Japanese Cedar

Fan Qianyan

1989, (4):  31-34. 

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Japanese cedar was introduced from Japan and grows well in the west part of Hubei province. It has been successfully planted in wide range now. The most suitable sites for this plant are between 800—1500m above sea level. On clay soil and lime stone mountains where Chinese fir is unsuitable, it is advisable to afforestate Japanese cedar which is rapidly growing and high productive in these regions.

Research on Pheromone of Arthropoda

Zheng Zhong

1989, (4):  35-39. 

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A brief account is given of the present and future of researches on pheromone of arthropoda (exclusive of Arachnida) with special reference to Inseeta. The present paper includes the following main topics: productive gland, receptor organ, production chemistry and application. In the final, the author puts forward some items for future research with the aim at promoting pheromone research in China and making contribution to the prevention of harmful insects and the increment of fishery production of shrimps and crabs to benefit mankind.

Interpretation of Ecolomic Development Models Using "Complexity"

Zhou Jilun, Zhou Wei

1989, (4):  40-44,54. 

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In this paper, knowledges of ecological economy are used in the construction of differential equations desoribing the relationships among industrial increment, agricultural growth and environmental qualities. The divergence and chaotic characters of these equations are discussed, and the "complexities" possessed in the ecolomic development are pointed out, which will benefit the ecolomic researches both in theory and in practice.

Biogeochemistry and Ecological Effect of Selenium

Yin Zhaohan, Ju Shanjian, Ma Xiaoli, Chui Jianbo

1989, (4):  45-50. 

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The biogeochemistry and ecological effects of selellium are receiving inereasing attention from people.The hypergene process forms different valences of selenium,and the different valence states and contents of Se in plant,animal and human bodies lead to its different ecological effects.This paper systematically discusses the biogeochemical behaviors and different ecological effects of selenium.

Ecosystem and Dissipative Structure

Zhou Hong

1989, (4):  51-54. 

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According to the four conditions of Prigogine Dissipative Strueture,ecosystem is a dissipative structured system.Ecological balanoe is the self-correcting homeostasis Of ecosystem, it is the coordination of life and its epvironment.The earth is apploximated to a closed system.Man should do his best to reduce the entropy in the form of pollutant disposed to the environment.

Effect of Environmental Factors on Transpiration Intensity of Murraya paniculata

Yu Shixiao, Li Biao

1989, (4):  55-58. 

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The effects of light, temperature and relative humidity on the transpiration rate of Murraya paniculata are studied in a field in Caishan township of Yingde county, a limestone area in Guangdong province. The transpiration rate of the plant has no linear relation with any tested factors. There is no linear relation between transpiration intensity and the aperture of stomata, either. The intensity and diurnal amount of transpiration by M. paniculata are relatively small, representing a charactor of plants in limestone regions.