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Chinese Journal of Ecology ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (9): 3025-3032.

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Application of soundscape monitoring technology in bird diversity monitoring at the typical wetland of Poyang Lake.

YOU Hai-lin1, WU Yong-ming1, XU Li-gang2*, CHENG Jun-xiang2, LIU Li-zhen1, YAO Zhong1, XIN Zai-jun1   

  1. (1Poyang Lake Research Centre, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China; 2Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China).
  • Online:2021-09-10 Published:2021-09-18

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Abstract: Sound is a fundamental attribute of nature. Using the soundscape technology to monitor bird diversity and richness can effectively overcome the deficiency of traditional methods. The sound data of wetland birds at 00:00, 06:00, 12:00 and 18:00 of each day during April to June in 2020 were collected using Song Meter SM4, a professional collection instrument, in Fanglan Lake, a typical human-controlled lake in Poyang Lake. Using the professional sound processing packages (i.e. seewave, tuneR, and soundecology) in the statistical software R, all the collected sound data were analyzed and converted into bioacoustic index (BI). The main aims were to clarify the corresponding bird diversity and activity habits in the early morning, morning, noon and evening of each day during these three months, and to reveal the characteristics of bird diversity in a longtime sequence at the typical wetland of Poyang Lake. The MannKendall test method was used to analyze the trend and mutation of bird diversity characteristic sequence. The Morlet wavelet analysis method was applied to analyze its multitemporal scale characteristics. The results showed that: (1) The BI values at 00:00, 06:00, 12:00, and 18:00 within the three months were different, with ranges of 5.73-63.49, 5.76-67.00, 3.36-60.24, and 4.91-52.62, respectively. The BI values generally showed an increasing trend. (2) The Mann-Kendall mutation test indicated that all the BI sequences for three months had a sudden change around 06:00 on April 27 in 2020, which was mainly caused by human activities. (3) The evolution of daily average BI values showed three types of periodic change scales of 12-30, 10-18, and 4-9 days. The wavelet variance had three significant peaks, corresponding to the time scales of 24, 15, and 7 days. As an exploratory research, this study could provide a new technical approach for the research on bird population, behavior characteristic and its diversity, as well as the diversity monitoring research for other animals (amphibians, insects, etc.).

Key words: soundscape monitoring technology, bioacoustic index, bird diversity, Fanglan Lake wetland, Poyang Lake.