Abstract: Phosphorus (P) is important to crop development and stress resistance. Abiotic stresses can seriously affect P absorption, utilization and translocation in crops, and then plant metabolism and grain yield. Considering excessive P application and stress resistant breeding of crops, we summarized the P characteristics and physiological mechanisms in crops under three kinds of abiotic stresses: drought, salinity and low temperature. The P efficiencies of crops were also discussed. Abiotic stresses not only damage the root development and function directly, but also seriously reduce the mobilization and availability of inorganic phosphate in soil, leading to physiological P deficiency of crops. Phosphorus application can effectively relieve the damage from the abiotic stresses, promote water and nutrient uptake, and then partly enhance the tolerance of crops to the stresses. Moreover, there are significant differences between crop species or genotypes in responding to P applications and abiotic stresses. It would be better to combine the stress tolerance with high P efficiency in improving P utilization under abiotic stress conditions. Further research on crop P responses under abiotic stress should pay attention to P availability in rhizosphere in soil, optimal P application and screening of crop gene resources of high stress resistance and P efficiency.

Key words: nitrogen fertilizer, low temperature, physiological characteristics, late rice, heading and flowering stage, yield, dry mass