Abstract: To study the change of landscape pattern and its landscape ecological effect in rapid urbanization area is helpful to strengthen the urban ecological environment planning and land management. In this paper, taking the central area of Chongqing City as the research object, with the help of Fragstats 4.2 and ArcGIS 9.3 software, in combination with methods of landscape expansion index, landscape human active interference index and landscape pattern analysis, a comprehensive analysis on the ecological effects of landscape change caused by the urban expansion from three aspects, including the urban expansion model, human disturbance intensity, and landscape pattern gradient in the study area during the period from 1995 to 2014 was conducted. The edge expansion mode was dominant but showed a weakening trend over time, the outlying expansion mode continued to strengthen, while the infilling expansion mode was always the lowest after 2001, due to the influence of topography and traffic in the study area. During the period from 1995 to 2014, the low intensity, and lowmedium intensity landscape area, mainly including forest, grassland, water, was stable and increased slightly, while the high intensity area, including urbanrural residential land and industrial land, showed a spread trend toward the medium and mediumhigh intensity area, and the dry land and paddy field had seriously disappeared. The values of patch density, mean Euclidean nearest neighbor distance and Shannon’s diversity index were higher with the increase of the distance from the center of city along the southnorth and the eastwest transects, but these values near the center area of city showed a decrease trend over time. The spatialtemporal change of contagion index was opposite to the abovementioned. Therefore, the gradient change of landscape pattern had a significant spacetime difference in the local area between the northsouth and the eastwest transects, which would have a profound impact on the ecological effects caused by the change of landscape composition in the process of urbanization.