Abstract: High and stable yield of doublecropping super rice has become an important part for national food security since 2006 when it has been promoted. However, only few studies have focused on the relationship between its ecological characteristics or production structure formation and meteorological factors. In this paper, the suitable temperature indices were studied based on the data of temperature controlled by the artificial climate chamber and field cultivation observation, in combination with analysis of the correlations between temperature and tillering rate, leaf area, biomass, grain number per spike, seed setting rate, sterile grain rate and theoretical yield in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province during 2012 to 2013. The results showed that the suitable temperature at active tillering stage ranged from 26 ℃ to 28 ℃ with the optimum value of 27 ℃; for the later tillering stage, the suitable temperature ranged from 25 ℃ to 27 ℃ with the optimum value of 26 ℃. For tillering period, unsuitable low temperature index was 18.5 ℃, while unsuitable high temperature index was 35.8 ℃. Temperature indices from this study would provide reference for reasonably arranging sowing dates so as to avoid chilling damage.

Key words: controlled release urea, leaf senescence, summer maize, water and N coupling