Abstract: Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are important microbial components in agroecosystems. These fungi establish symbiotic associations with nearly 80% of vascular plants. The symbiotic relationship accompanied by plant evolution is a key factor affecting plant growth and diversity. In recent years, RNA-Seq has been widely used to study the molecular mechanism of stress defense, metabolism, protein synthesis and other biological processes in AM fungi and plant symbionts. We summarized the research progress of functional genes involved in plant stress defense, protein synthesis, protein folding/degradation, energy metabolism, signal transduction, and transcription during symbiosis, including those differentially expressed genes related to symbiosis such as phosphate transporter, lectin precursor, glutathione S-transferases, Mtha1 plasma membrane ATPase, and ribosomal protein, and reveals their functional characteristics. These findings provide theoretical basis for further research on the mechanism of AM fungi-plant symbiosis.

Key words: environmental factors, Weihe Plain, winter wheat, biotic factors., soil respiration