Abstract: With rapid urbanization, Beijing needs more and more water with high quality, which inevitably reduces the water amount in the upper reaches of the whole watershed. Meanwhile, it requires the upper reaches to adopt various measures, including limiting industry development, to protect water quality, which in a certain degree restricts the economic development and life quality improvement in the upper reaches, resulting in the interregional conflicts in water resources utilization between the upper reaches and the lower reaches. Based on the analysis of the imbalance between the water supply and demand in Beijing, this paper discussed the interregional conflicts of the watershed water resources utilization on the basis of water quality protection and water demand increase. It was considered that the inadequate total water resources, unclear ownership, and having not fully implement interregional compensation mechanism could be the main causes for the interregional conflicts of water resources utilization. To solve this problem, four measures should be adopted, i.e., coordinating the economic benefits among different regions and establishing eco-compensation and cooperation mechanism, applying right water allocation institution, implementing unified management of basin water resources, and accelerating the construction and utilization of huge project to transfer water to Beijing.

Key words: three provinces of Northeast China, crop potential yield, potential yield loss rate, climatic resource utilization efficiency.