Abstract: Ecological risk assessment is a newly developed research field of envi ronmental risk assessment, while regional ecological risk assessment, due to the spatial heterogeneity and the complexity in assessment, becomes a hotspot of ec ological risk assessment research. This paper reviewed the concepts, methods, an d development of ecological risk assessment and regional ecological risk assessm ent, summarized representative frameworks and processes, and introduced the conc eptual models, procedures for ecological tiered assessment of risks, and relativ e risk assessment model of regional ecological risk assessment, as well as relat ed case studies. Aiming at the problems in present regional ecological risk asse ssment researches, e.g., threshold estimation, exposure and harm analysis, q uantitative characterization, and uncertainty disposal, some aspects such as ind ex system, standards, quantification methods, and risk effect characterization o f the assessment should be further researched.

Key words: Stand condition improvement, Dendrocalamus latiflorus, Hilly land, Nutrient loss