Abstract: An investigation was made on the butterfly diversity in the artificial secondary forest, cropland along stream, mountain cropland, natural secondary forest, and artificial garden in Chongqing urban area from September to November 2006. A total of 529 individuals belonging to 6 families, 16 genera and 20 species were collected, among which, Psedozizeeria maha and Pieris rapae were the dominant species, with their relative dominance being 38.75% and 17.01%, respectively. The diversity indices of butterfly in the five type habitats ranked in order of natural secondary forest>cropland along stream>mountain cropland>artificial secondary forest>artificial garden. Compared with habitat type, human disturbance had more impact on the butterfly diversity. To reserve the remaining agricultural fields in urban area would have positive significance in the conservation of butterfly diversity.

Key words: Graminaceous plants, Associative nitrogen fixation, Rhizosphere diazotrophs, Endophytic diazotrophs