Abstract: The generation of big data technology provides a new way for processing massive data related to ecological environment, as well as monitoring and analyzing global ecological environmental problems. This paper first described the basic concepts of big data, and the concept and feature of ecological environmental big data. Then, considering the system structure of general big data, the architecture of big data platform for ecological environment was designed from four key aspects, including data platform, infrastructure platform, technology platform and application service platform. After the main frame is analyzed, key technologies for building technology platform of ecological environmental big data were elaborated in four parts: data acquisition, data storage and management, data computing pattern and data analysis. Finally, in view of future development and difficulties, we put forward some thinking and proposals.