Abstract: The paper aims to explore a technical approach, which can be used in agricultural production to reduce the damage of high temperature during rice grain filling stage. Taking Yuxiangyouzhan, the middle late maturity type super conventional Indica Rice, as the experimental material, a field experiment was conducted in the experimental farm of South China Agricultural University in 2014 and 2015. During the grain filling stage, the effects of three spraying schemes (S1: 11:00-12:00; S2: 13:00-14:00; S3: 15:00-16:00) on the yield and quality of Yuxiangyouzhan were compared. The results showed that, compared with the control, the three treatments all improved the paddy field microclimate (temperature and humidity), and S3 was the best scheme to decrease leaf temperature and increase humidity. Grain number per spike and 1000grain weight were significantly increased (P<0.05) due to decrease in leaf temperature by spraying water. S1 treatment resulted in the highest yield and number of grains per spike, and S2 treatment resulted in the highest  seed setting rate. The grain character was improved, the chalkiness rate was significantly lower than CK (P<0.05), and the chalkiness degree was slightly lower than that of CK. The rice filling rate was significantly enhanced (P<0.05), the organic matter accumulation was improved, and the 1000grain weight was increased. What’s more, decreased leaf temperature due to spraying water at different time significantly increased the peroxidase activity (P<0.05), thus enhancing resistance, rice yield and quality of Yuxiangyouzhan.