Abstract: Soil particle size distribution and fractal dimension characteristics are important indicators of soil texture and fertility. This paper applied soil fractal theory and method to study fractal dimension of soil particles in the restored plant communities in a windprevention and sandfixation area in Duolun County, Inner Mongolia, as well as change patterns of soil particles in soil profile. Results showed that: (1) Soils under different plant communities had different particle size distribution characteristics, with fractal dimension ranging between 1.962-2.260. The fractal dimensions were in an ascending order in plant communities as unused grassland, Caragana microphylla forest, Betula platyphylla forest, poplar forest, Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica forest, mixed forest of Salix gordejevii and Salix matsudana, elm forest and Prunus sibirica forest. (2) The correlation between fractal dimension and the contents of different particle sizes showed significant difference. Fractal dimension had a significant positive correlation with the content of particle size <0.002 and 0.002-0.1 mm, a significant negative correlation with the content of particle size 0.25-0.5 mm, and no significant correlation with the content of particle size 0.1-0.25 and 0.5-2 mm. (3) Soil at depth of 0-20 cm in the study area had large fractal dimension, indicating that shallow soil texture had greatly improved; however, deep soil below 20 cm didn’t show obvious improvement. The study suggested that after a dozen years of ecological restoration in Duolun County’s windprevention and sandfixation area, the soil under different plant communities had different particle size distribution characteristics and larger fractal dimension compared to the unrestored grassland, indicating slight improvement in soil texture.