Abstract: A survey with line transect method was conducted on the butterfly species diversity in Gutian Provincial Nature Reserve, Huizhou in 2014-2015. Fiftyfour species of butterfly belonging to 39 genera and 8 families were identified. The dominant species were Eurema hecabe (Linnaeus), Parantica aglea (Stoll), Neptis hylas (Linnaeus), Euploea mulciber (Cramer) and Danaus genutia (Cramer). Nymphalidae had the highest Margalef richness index, followed by Papilionidae and Satyridae, and Danaidae and Riodinidae the lowest. Shannon diversity index decreased in order of Nymphalidae, Papilionidae, Satyridae, Hesperiidae, Lycaenidae, Pieridae, Danaidae and Riodinidae. Danaidae had the highest Pielou evenness index, followed by Riodinidae and Satyridae. Riodinidae had the highest Simpson dominance index, followed by Pieridae and Danaidae.