Abstract: In 2010-2012, investigation sections were installed in the waters of Baoshan and North Channel to study the capture size, population features, and annual yield of Coilia nasus in Yangtze River estuary in fishing season. During the study period, the total length, standard length, and body weight of the C. nasus were averagely 316±36 mm, 294±35 mm, and 99±37 g, respectively. The yield per boat in fishing season ranged from 65.9 to 875.4 kg, with an average of 338.7 kg, the daily catch in fishing season ranged from 2.3 to 23.4 kg, averagely 9.4 kg, and the total licensed catch in fishing season ranged from 8.2 to 109.4 t, with an average of 42.3 t. All the indices related to the yield per boat were lower in Baoshan waters than in North Channel waters. Furthermore, it was found that the fishing season of C. nasus in Yangtze River estuary started earliest in February 23 and latest in March 5, and the peak fishing season usually continued from late March to middle April, with the catch percentage ranged from 60.96% to 82.62%. The results indicated that the catch amount of C. nasus was closely related to water temperature and tide. Generally, the peak fishing season came when the water temperature was up to 12 ℃, and the water temperature corresponding to the maximum daily catch in each year ranged from 13 ℃ to 14.5 ℃, with a mean of 13.7 ℃. During the investigation, the fishing amount at low tide periods had an obviously higher percentage to the total fishing amount in fishing season periods, when compared with that at high tide periods. The maximum percentage of the fishing amount at low tide periods was 82.97%, and the minimum was 62.05%.