Physiological and ecological responses of maize seedlings to cadmium stress

Abstract

Abstract: Maize seeds were soaked in solution with different concentration of cadmium (Cd²) and cultured routinely in doors.Germination of seeds and physiological and ecological responses of seedlings were studied.The results showed that Cd² could affect germination of seeds and growth of maize seedling.Maize seed germination rate was inhibited when the concentration of Cd²was higher than 50 mg稬^-1.With Cd² concentration increase,main root length and lateral root number were decreased.Cd²could promote seedling height,dry matter weight of root and shoot when its concentration was lower than 5 mg稬^-1.However,when the concentration was higher than 5 mg稬^-1,inhibition effects could be observed,with the root activity and the content of chlorophyll reduced and malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased in root.Cd also affects the absorption of other mineral elements.For example,it could promote the absorption of Ca,Mg,Fe and Cu in root and shoot,and inhibit the absorption of K and Zn.

Key words: Flocculant, Wastewater treatment, Ecological safety, Researching advancement, Prospect

CLC Number:

Q945

LIU Jianxin . Physiological and ecological responses of maize seedlings to cadmium stress[J]. cje, 2005, (3): 265-268.

References

[1]王韶唐.1986.植物生理学实验指导[M].西安:陕西科学技术出版社,35～48.
[2]孙赛初,王焕校,李启任.1985.水生维管植物受Cd污染后的生理变化及受害机制初探[J].植物生理学报,(2):113～121.
[3]张福锁.1992.锌营养状况对小麦根细胞膜透性的影响[J].植物生理学报,18(1):24～28.
[4]杨居荣,贺建群,蒋婉如.1995.Cd污染对植物生理生化的影响[J].农业环境保护,14(5):193～197.
[5]陈怀满.1996.土壤-植物系统中的重金属污染[M].北京:中国科学技术出版社.
[6]林植芳,李双顺,林桂珠,等.1984.水稻叶片的衰老与超氧物歧化酶活性及脂质过氧化作用的关系[J].植物学报,26(6):605～615.
[7]罗立新,孙铁珩,靳月华.1998.Cd2+胁迫下小麦超氧阴离子自由基的积累[J].环境科学学报,18(5):495～499.
[8]秦天才,吴玉树,王焕校,等.1998.镉铅及其相互作用对小白菜根系生理生态效应的研究[J].生态学报,18(3):320～325.
[9]彭明,王焕校,吴玉树.1992.Cd、Pb诱导的玉米幼苗细胞超微结构的变化[J].中国环境科学,11(6):426～431.
[10]葛才林,杨小勇,孙锦荷,等.2002.重金属胁迫引起的水稻和小麦幼苗DNA损伤[J].植物生理与分子生物学学报,28(6):419～424
[11]Bazzaz FA, Rolfe GL, Garlson RW. 1974.The effect of cadmium on photosynthesis and transpiration of excised leaves of com and sunflower [ J ]. Physiol. Plant, 34: 373 ～ 377.
[12]Jalil A, Seues F, Clarke JM. 1994. Effect of cadmium on growth and the uptake of cadmium and other elements by durum wheat[J]. J . Plant Nutr. , 17:1839～ 1858.
[13]Jarvis JC, Jones LFHP, Hopper MJ. 1976. Cadmium uptake from solution by plants and its transport from roots to shoots [ J ].Plant Soil, 44:179～191.
[14]Lakshamn KC, Virinder KG, Surinder KS. 1992. Effect of cadmium on enzyme of nitrogen metabolism in pea seedling [J ]. Phytochemistry, 31 (2): 395 ～ 400.
[15]Patra J, Lenka M, Panda BB. 1994. Tolerance and co-tolerance of the grass Chloris barbata Sw. to tercury, cadmium and zinc [J].New Phytol . , 128:165～171.
[16]Stobart AK, Grifiths WT, Ameen-Bukhar Ⅱ, et al. i985. The effect of Cd2+ on the biosynthesis of chlorophyll in leaves of barley[J]. Physiol. Plant, 63: 293～ 298.
[17]Wong MK. 1986 . Copper combination in the uptake of metals and growth of Brassica chinensis [J]. Environ. Exp. Bot., 26:311～339.