Regeneration of Phellodendron amurense and its deed dispersal by frugivorous birds

Abstract

Abstract: Regeneration and seed dispersal of Phellodendron amurense by frugivorous birds were studied at Maoershan and Harbin Forest Experiment Farms. Nine species of frugivorous birds fed on P. amurense fruits, while six of them were pulp-eating birds and three of them were seed-eating birds. Six species, which ate the whole fruits and defecated the seeds unhurt, were seed dispersers. The other three species were seed predators.Retention time of P. amurense fruits in the digestive systems of dispersers was between20 and 30min. That means a long potential dispersing distance. The germination experiment of three groups of seeds (ingested seeds, extracted seeds and intact fruits) was compared, and cumulative germination showed no significant difference among them. Bird ingestion had no significant effect on seed germination of P. amurense fruits. The result also showed that no germination inhibitor existed in pulp.P. amurense fruits provides many frugivorous species with pulp, and bird species also feed on many other fleshy-fruit plants. The refor mutualism exists between many species of birds and plants.

Key words: Bacillus thuringiensis, Plasmid, Detection, Function

CLC Number:

Q958.1

LU Changhu, CHANG Jiachuan, XU Qing. Regeneration of Phellodendron amurense and its deed dispersal by frugivorous birds[J]. cje, 2004, (1): 24-29.

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