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水深对黑藻叶绿素含量和抗氧化酶活性的影响

罗姗姗1,曹昀1,2*,纪欣圣1,许令明1,王佳艺1,王文林3   

  1. 1江西师范大学地理与环境学院, 南昌 330022;2鄱阳湖湿地与流域研究教育部重点实验室, 南昌 330022;3环境保护部南京科学研究所, 南京 210042)
  • 出版日期:2019-01-10 发布日期:2019-01-10

Effects of water depth on chlorophyll content and antioxidant enzyme activity of Hydrilla verticillata.

LUO Shan-shan1, CAO Yun1,2*, JI Xin-sheng1, XU Ling-ming1, WANG Jia-yi1, WANG Wen-lin3   

  1. (1School of Geography and Environment, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China; 2Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research, Ministry of Education, Nanchang 330022, China; 3Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China).
  • Online:2019-01-10 Published:2019-01-10

摘要: 采用控制试验方法,将黑藻种植在水下0.5~1.4 m的花盆内,研究不同水深对沉水植物黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata)叶绿素含量、抗氧化酶活性、丙二醛(MDA)、根系活力的影响,探讨黑藻在该区间的最适生长水位,为黑藻成功定植提供理论依据。结果表明:随着水深增加,水下光强显著衰减,黑藻叶绿素a、叶绿素b、叶绿素a+b含量呈不断上升趋势,叶绿素a/b无明显变化,类胡萝卜素(Car)含量不断增加;水深对黑藻抗氧化酶活性影响差异显著(P<0.05),黑藻超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性总体呈先上升后下降趋势;水深0.5~0.8 m处黑藻膜脂过氧化程度加剧,促使MDA含量增加,抗氧化物酶(SOD、POD)活性升高;水深由0.5 m增加至1.4 m,黑藻可溶性蛋白含量无显著变化,根系活力由0.12增加至0.51 mg·g-1·h-1,各水深组之间差异显著(P<0.05);水深对黑藻生理产生一定的影响,水深较浅处(0.5~0.8 m)黑藻植株生长及生理均遭受强光抑制作用,表现为植株发黄,产生断枝、残叶、叶绿素含量降低、膜脂过氧化程度加剧等;在水域生态恢复中应考虑0.9~1.4 m的水深范围恢复黑藻种群以利于其种群生长以及水生生态系统的恢复。

关键词: 土壤酸化, 土壤酸缓冲性能, 养分平衡, 酸滴定曲线

Abstract: To clarify the optimal water level for the growth of Hydrilla verticillata and provide theoretical basis for the successful colonization of H. verticillata, we planted H. verticillata in pots with depths of 0.5-1.4 m under water using controlled experiment to examine the influence of water depths on chlorophyll content, antioxidative enzyme activity, malondialdehyde (MDA), and root activity ofH. verticillata. With the increases of water depth, underwater light intensity significantly decreased, whereas chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and chlorophyll a+b contents of H. verticillata increased. No significant change was found in chlorophyll a/b, and carotenoid (Car) content increased constantly. Water depth had a significant effect on the antioxidant enzyme activity ofH. verticillata (P<0.05). The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) increased first and then decreased. The membrane lipid peroxidation of H. verticillata intensified at the depth of 0.5-0.8 m, which promoted the maximum MDA content and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD). When water depth increased from 0.5 m to 1.4 m, there was no significant change of soluble protein content. Root activity increased from 0.12 to 0.51 mg·g-1·h-1, with significant differences among different water depths (P<0.05). Water depth affected the physiology of H.verticillata. The growth and physiology of H.verticillata in the shallow depths (0.5-0.8 m) were strongly inhibited by light availability, manifested as yellow plants, broken branches, residual leaves, reduced chlorophyll content, and increased membrane lipid peroxidation. During the ecological restoration of waters, therefore, a range of 0.9-1.4 m water depth should be considered to restore H.verticillata population, which would facilitate the restoration of aquatic ecosystems.

Key words: soil acid buffering capacity, nutrient balance, acid titration curve, soil acidification