青海典型内陆河流域地表水化学组成及其重金属分布特征

生态学杂志

青海典型内陆河流域地表水化学组成及其重金属分布特征

王艺涵^1,2,刘胤序^1,2,刘海红^1,2,刘小龙²,陆占魁³,李军^2*

（¹天津师范大学地理与环境科学学院，天津 300387；²天津师范大学天津市水资源与水环境重点实验室，天津 300387；³天津工业大学环境与化学工程学院，天津 300387）

出版日期:2018-03-10 发布日期:2018-03-10

Chemical composition and heavy metal distribution in surface water of typical inlandrivers in Qinghai.

WANG Yi-han^1,2, LIU Yin-xu^1,2, LIU Hai-hong^1,2, LIU Xiao-long^1,2, LU Zhan-kui³, LI Jun^2*

(¹College of Geography and Environmental Science, Tianjin NormalUniversity, Tianjin 300387, China; ²Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China; ³School of Environmental and ChemicalEngineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China).

Online:2018-03-10 Published:2018-03-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了解青海典型内陆河流地表水化学组成及其重金属分布特征，于2015年7—8月对青海巴音河、格尔木河和小柴旦湖流域地表水进行采集，分析了水体主离子、12种重金属浓度等水化学组成，并对水体质量进行了评估。结果表明：研究区河流、湖泊地表水化学组成分别主要受岩石风化及蒸发结晶作用控制；不同水体重金属浓度分布存在明显差异，多数重金属表现为湖泊高、河流低，而这与湖泊水化学及水体蒸发导致的重金属元素浓缩富集及结晶析出有关。主成分分析表明，水体重金属主要来源于岩石风化，受人类活动影响较小。研究区河水重金属基本符合《地表水环境质量标准》（GB 3838—2002） Ⅰ类水质标准。

关键词: 土壤改良, 交换性盐基离子, 土壤有效硅, 硅钙钾镁肥, 土壤pH

Abstract: To reveal the hydrochemical composition and the distribution of heavy metals in the surface water of typical inland rivers in Qinghai, water samples were collected from the Bayin River, Golmud River and Xiao Qaidam Lake during July-August 2015. The concentrations ofmajor ions and twelve heavy metal elements were analyzed, and the water quality was assessed. The results showed that the chemical composition of surface water in rivers and lakes were primarily dominated by the rock weathering and evaporation crystalization processes, respectively. The concentrations of most heavy metals in lakes were higher than those in rivers, due to the enrichment and crystallization of heavy metals caused by lake water chemistry and evaporation. Principal component analyses (PCA) showed that the heavy metals mainly came from rock weathering and were less affected by human activities. The concentrations of heavy metals in river waters met grade I water quality according to the standard of Surface Water Environmental Quality Standard of China (GB 3838-2002).

Key words: fertilizer of calcium silicon magnesium potassium (CSMP), soil improvement, exchangeable base cations, soil pH, soil available silicon

王艺涵,刘胤序,刘海红,刘小龙,陆占魁,李军. 青海典型内陆河流域地表水化学组成及其重金属分布特征[J]. 生态学杂志.

WANG Yi-han, LIU Yin-xu, LIU Hai-hong, LIU Xiao-long, LU Zhan-kui, LI Jun. Chemical composition and heavy metal distribution in surface water of typical inlandrivers in Qinghai.[J]. cje.

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