基于梯度分析的重庆市主城区城市扩展的景观生态效应

生态学杂志

基于梯度分析的重庆市主城区城市扩展的景观生态效应

崔王平^1,2,李阳兵^1,2*,李睿康^1,2,周亚琳^1,2,文雯^1,2#br#

(¹重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院，重庆 401331； ²重庆师范大学地理信息系统应用研究重点实验室，重庆 401331)

出版日期:2017-01-10 发布日期:2017-01-10

Landscape ecological effect of urban expansion in the central area of Chongqing City based on gradient analysis.

CUI Wang-ping^1,2, LI Yang-bing^1,2*, LI Rui-kang^1,2, ZHOU Ya-lin^1,2, WEN Wen^1,2#br#

(¹College of Geographical Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China; ² The Key Laboratory of GIS Application Research, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China).

Online:2017-01-10 Published:2017-01-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究快速城市化地区景观格局变化及景观生态效应，有助于加强城市生态环境规划和土地管理。以重庆市主城区为研究对象，借助于ArcGIS 9.3和Fragstats 4.2软件，采用景观扩展指数、景观人工干扰强度模型、景观格局分析相结合的方法，分别从城市扩展模式、人为干扰强度、景观格局梯度等3个方面对1995—2014年研究区城市扩展过程中景观组分变化引起的生态效应进行综合分析。结果表明：2001年之后研究区受地形地貌及交通的影响，占主导优势的边缘扩展模式随时间变化呈减弱趋势，跳跃扩展模式优势却不断增强，而填充扩展模式始终处于同期最低值；1995—2014年，以林地、草地、水域等为主的低、低中强度景观人工干扰区域变化稳中略有增长，但以城乡居民点和工业用地为主高强度景观人工干扰区域却在2007年和2014年呈现出向中、中高强度区域蔓延的态势，旱地、水田空间丧失严重；南北向和东西向样带随着距城区中心越远，斑块密度、平均欧式最近邻体距离、Shannon多样性指数值越高，而靠近城区中心区域上述相关景观指数值随时间变化却呈下降趋势；且聚集度指数在时空上的变化却正好与之相反。在南北向和东西向样带局部区域景观格局梯度变化存在显著的时空差异，这对城市化过程中景观组分变化引起的生态效应产生深远的影响。

Abstract: To study the change of landscape pattern and its landscape ecological effect in rapid urbanization area is helpful to strengthen the urban ecological environment planning and land management. In this paper, taking the central area of Chongqing City as the research object, with the help of Fragstats 4.2 and ArcGIS 9.3 software, in combination with methods of landscape expansion index, landscape human active interference index and landscape pattern analysis, a comprehensive analysis on the ecological effects of landscape change caused by the urban expansion from three aspects, including the urban expansion model, human disturbance intensity, and landscape pattern gradient in the study area during the period from 1995 to 2014 was conducted. The edge expansion mode was dominant but showed a weakening trend over time, the outlying expansion mode continued to strengthen, while the infilling expansion mode was always the lowest after 2001, due to the influence of topography and traffic in the study area. During the period from 1995 to 2014, the low intensity, and lowmedium intensity landscape area, mainly including forest, grassland, water, was stable and increased slightly, while the high intensity area, including urbanrural residential land and industrial land, showed a spread trend toward the medium and mediumhigh intensity area, and the dry land and paddy field had seriously disappeared. The values of patch density, mean Euclidean nearest neighbor distance and Shannon’s diversity index were higher with the increase of the distance from the center of city along the southnorth and the eastwest transects, but these values near the center area of city showed a decrease trend over time. The spatialtemporal change of contagion index was opposite to the abovementioned. Therefore, the gradient change of landscape pattern had a significant spacetime difference in the local area between the northsouth and the eastwest transects, which would have a profound impact on the ecological effects caused by the change of landscape composition in the process of urbanization.

崔王平1,2,李阳兵1,2*,李睿康1,2,周亚琳1,2,文雯1,2. 基于梯度分析的重庆市主城区城市扩展的景观生态效应[J]. 生态学杂志.

CUI Wang-ping1,2, LI Yang-bing1,2*, LI Rui-kang1,2, ZHOU Ya-lin1,2, WEN Wen1,2. Landscape ecological effect of urban expansion in the central area of Chongqing City based on gradient analysis.[J]. cje.