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基于分形理论的云南红河县景观斑块尺度效应

杨欢,刘学录**   

  1. (甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院, 兰州 730070)
  • 出版日期:2015-09-10 发布日期:2015-09-10

Landscape patch scale effect based on fractal theory in Honghe County of Yunnan Province.

YANG Huan, LIU Xue-lu**   

  1. (College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China)
  • Online:2015-09-10 Published:2015-09-10

摘要:

运用分形理论,采用网格法作为基本尺度测度方法,选择云南红河县规普村作为研究区,对不同尺度下的景观斑块数量、相对频率、平均分维数、稳定性指数进行了分析。结果表明:从斑块面积上,研究区域景观斑块以灌木林地、其他草地、水田为主,裸地最小。从斑块个数上,水田最多,裸地最少。随着研究区域观测尺度(粒度)从4000、2000、1333、1000、800、667 m递减变化,每种景观斑块的数量和稳定性指数呈递增趋势,相对频率和平均分维数呈递减趋势。各景观斑块平均分维数介于1.029~1.959,其中河流水面斑块形状最复杂,农村居民点斑块最简单。景观斑块分维数受尺度影响呈中小程度变异;景观斑块个数受尺度影响呈中度变异,斑块个数比斑块分维数受尺度影响更显著。景观斑块分维数对尺度响应过程揭示了研究区域景观斑块空间分布尺度变化的规律性。
 

关键词: 指标体系, 土壤环境质量区划, 区划方案, 中国, 土壤环境功能

Abstract:

Based on fractal theory and grid method, this study examined the number of landscape patch, relative frequency, average fractal dimension and stability index in Guipu Village, Honghe County of Yunnan Province. The results showed that the landscape patches were mainly composed of shrub land, dry land, paddy field, and other grassland, among which paddy field had the largest area, and bare land smallest. The number of each landscape patch and index of stability increased progressively while the variation of relative frequency and average fractal dimension decreased gradually as the observational scale (grain) decreased from 4000, 2000, 1333, 1000, 800, to 667 m. The fractal dimension of each landscape patch varied from 1.029 to 1.959, with rivers the most complicated shapes and rural residential area the simplest. The fractal dimension of landscape patches showed medium or small variation affected by scales, and the number of landscape patches was more significantly affected by observational scales than by the fractal dimension of each landscape patch, which illustrated the spatial distribution pattern of landscape patches in the research area.
 

Key words: regionalization plan, index system, soil environmental function, soil environmental quality regionalization, China