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不同附主树种对金钗石斛生长的影响

肖玉1,杨曾奖1**,林国雄2,徐大平1,张宁南1,刘小金1   

  1. (1中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所, 广州 510520; 2阳江市百盛园实业有限公司, 广东阳江 529900)
  • 出版日期:2015-09-10 发布日期:2015-09-10

Effects of different epiphyllous species on the growth of Dendrobium nobile.

XIAO Yu1, YANG Zeng-jiang1**, LIN Guo-xiong2, XU Da-ping1, ZHANG Ning-nan1, LIU Xiao-jin1   

  1. (1Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China; 2Yangjiang City Baisheng Garden Industrial Co., Ltd., Yangjiang 529900, Guangdong, China)
  • Online:2015-09-10 Published:2015-09-10

摘要: 金钗石斛(Dendrobium nobile)具有极高的药用价值,是重要的林下药用植物。在华南地区9种主要人工林树种进行金钗石斛种植试验,通过调查金钗石斛保存率、株高、茎粗与生物量等生长指标,研究不同附主树种和种植高度对金钗石斛存活和生长的影响,为林下栽培金钗石斛提供技术依据。结果表明:不同附主树种和种植高度对金钗石斛生长和生物量积累有显著影响。9个附主树种中,附着于马占相思的金钗石斛生长表现最好,生长18个月生物量对比附着于南洋杉增加了26.3%,南洋杉最不适于金钗石斛生长,台湾相思与马占相思有相似效应,综合评价得分最高的是马占相思(0.77),南洋杉得分最低(0.44);最佳附树种植高度为树干中部(距地面1.2~1.5 m),平均单株干重高于下部(距地面0.6~0.9 m)4.7%,高于上部(距地面1.8~2.1 m)9.8%。因而,在华南地区人工林种植金钗石斛,马占相思林分树干中部位置是其理想生境。

关键词: 马尾松公益林, 林分密度, 土壤理化性质, 林下层物种

Abstract: Dendrobium nobile, an epiphyllous herb, has a high medicinal value. A growth experiment of D. nobile was conducted on 9 tree species in south China. The survival rate, height, diameter and biomass of the herb were determined to assess the growth behavior of the herb on different planting heights of different trees. Results showed that tree species and planting height had significant effects on the growth and biomass accumulation of the herb. Among the 9 trees, D. nobile grew best on Acacia mangium and worst on Araucaria cunninghamii. After 18 months’ growth, D. nobile on Acacia mangium accumulated 26.3% more biomass than on A. cunninghamii. A. confusa behaved similarly to A. mangium. A comprehensive index of growth behavior was computed to evaluate the suitability of D. nobile growth. A. mangium got the highest value of 0.77, compared to 0.44 for A. cunninghamii. Middle height (1.2-1.5 m above ground) was the best position, with more biomass than at the low height (0.6-0.9 m) and the high position (1.8-2.1 m) (4.7% and 9.8%, respectively). We concluded that the middle position of 
A. mangium tree was the ideal habitat for the growth of D. nobile in plantations of south China.

Key words: stand density, non-commercial plantation of Pinus massoniana, soil physicochemical property, understory species