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重金属污染土壤的伴矿景天/小麦-茄子间作和轮作修复

居述云1,2,汪洁2,3,宓彦彦2,4,李柱2,陈亚华1**,吴龙华2,骆永明2,5   

  1. (1南京农业大学生命科学学院, 南京 210095; 2中国科学院土壤环境与污染修复重点实验室,中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京 210008; 3中国科学院大学, 北京 100049; 4湖南师范大学, 长沙 410012; 5中国科学院海岸带环境过程重点实验室, 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所, 山东烟台 264003)
  • 出版日期:2015-08-10 发布日期:2015-08-10

Phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils by intercropping with Sedum plumbizincicola and Triticum aestivum and rotation with Solanum melongena.

JU Shu-yun1,2, WANG Jie2,3, SEHN Li-bo2,4, LI Zhu2, CHEN Ya-hua1**, WU Long-hua2, LUO Yong-ming2,5   

  1. (1College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; 2Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; 3University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 4Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410012, China; 5Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, Shandong, China)
  • Online:2015-08-10 Published:2015-08-10

摘要: 在重金属污染土壤上开展田间微区试验,研究伴矿景天/小麦间作、茄子轮作种植模式下锌镉超积累植物伴矿景天对当季小麦和后茬茄子生长及重金属吸收的影响,探索边生产边修复的可行性。结果表明:间作处理下小麦籽粒、茄子植物体和伴矿景天地上部生物量均无明显影响;麦季间作伴矿景天能显著降低小麦籽粒中重金属浓度,间作小麦籽粒与单作相比降低了52.4%;麦季间作伴矿景天也有效降低了后茬茄子对重金属的吸收,茄子果实中镉浓度显著低于单作;作物在与伴矿景天间作的情况下也能显著减少土壤中重金属浓度,其中间作处理全量镉比对照降低了24.3%,达到了较好的修复效果。因此,麦季间作伴矿景天既能有效减少污染土壤中重金属浓度,又能降低小麦及后茬茄子的重金属污染风险,为土壤修复与生产兼顾的修复模式提供理论支持。

关键词: 高清数码影像, 导数光谱, 植被指数, 氮平衡指数, 大豆, 高光谱遥感数据, 无人机

Abstract: A field plot experiment was conducted to study the effect of Sedum plumbizincicola on metal uptake by an intercropping crop of Triticum aestivum and a following crop of Solanum melongena in the subsequent growing season from heavy mental polluted soil, and to explore potential cropping systems for simultaneous remediation of contaminated soils and production of agricultural crops. The results showed that in the intercropping treatment, there was no difference in biomass of S. melongena or S. plumbizincicola. Intercropping with S. plumbizincicola significantly decreased Cd concentrations in T. aestivum by 52.4% compared to the monoculture treatment, and metal concentrations in the following crop of S. melongena also decreased markedly. Compared to the control, soil total Cd concentration in the intercropping treatment declined by 24.3%, showing highly efficient Cd removal. These results suggest that a cropping system consisting of intercropping S. plumbizincicola and T. aestivum and then rotating with S. melongena might realize the combined benefits of phytoremediation of metal polluted soil and the simultaneous safe production of food.

Key words: unmanned aerial vehicle, hyperspectral data, vegetation index, high definition digital image, soybean., derivative spectrum, nitrogen balance index