缺氧胁迫对菲律宾蛤仔（Ruditapes philippinarum）生理代谢的影响

生态学杂志

缺氧胁迫对菲律宾蛤仔（Ruditapes philippinarum）生理代谢的影响

张文斌^1,2,吕振波¹,张莹^1**,陈建强¹,李凡¹,郑亮^1,2,丛旭日^1,2

(¹山东省海洋资源与环境研究院，山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室，山东烟台 264006； ^2上海海洋大学海洋科学学院，上海 201306)

出版日期:2014-09-10 发布日期:2014-09-10

Influence of hypoxia stress on physiological metabolism of Ruditapes philippinarum.

ZHANG Wen-bin^1,2, LU Zhen-bo¹, ZHANG Ying^1**, CHEN Jian-qiang¹, LI Fan¹, ZHENG Liang^1,2, CONG Xu-ri^1,2

(¹Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Restoration for Marine Ecology, Yantai 264006, Shandong, China; ²Institute of Marine Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China)

Online:2014-09-10 Published:2014-09-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用苏木精-伊红（H-E）染色的方法，对菲律宾蛤仔（Ruditapes philippinarum）在缺氧（DO<2 mg·L^-1）胁迫20 d后组织结构进行研究，同时对菲律宾蛤仔在正常充氧（对照组）和缺氧状态下（缺氧组）的耗氧率、排氨率（NH₃^--N）、CO₂排出率和O∶N进行研究，以期了解缺氧条件下菲律宾蛤仔生理代谢特征及其代谢变化规律。结果表明：缺氧胁迫20 d后菲律宾蛤仔组织结构与对照组相比出现差异，缺氧组个体组织中分布有零星的深紫色圆斑点，可能是由于缺氧引起菲律宾蛤仔脂质代谢发生异常，形成脂质沉积；在22 ℃水温条件下，随着缺氧胁迫时间的推移，缺氧胁迫对菲律宾蛤仔耗氧率、排氨率、CO₂排出率影响显著；在缺氧胁迫2 d时，菲律宾蛤仔的耗氧率、排氨率和CO₂排出率呈下降趋势，分别为0.566、0.079和26.236 mg·g^-1·h^-1，菲律宾蛤仔耗氧率和排氨率在缺氧胁迫2 d达到最低值，而CO₂排出率在第20 d达到最低值，为7.422 mg·g^-1·h^-1，约为对照组的1/2；缺氧组的O∶N比值范围是6.25～12.11，且在缺氧20 d达到最高值，为12.11。由此可知，缺氧胁迫对菲律宾蛤仔的组织结构和生理代谢产生了影响，缺氧组的菲律宾蛤仔组织结构异常、活力下降，生理代谢功能降低，研究结果可为菲律宾蛤仔养殖的科学管理提供依据。

关键词: 荆条, 水分来源, IsoSource模型, 侧柏, 氢氧稳定同位素, 降雨事件

Abstract:

In order to detect the pathologic changes of tissue structure in clams (Ruditapes philippinarum), the hematoxylineosin stain (H－E) method was employed after 20 days of exposure to hypoxia (DO <2 mg·L^-1) stress. Oxygen consumption, ammonia excretion rate, CO₂ production and O:N ratio was also measured in clams exposed to hypoxia on the 2nd, 5th, 10th and 20th day. The results showed that a visible structural difference was observed between the hypoxia and control groups. Scattered deeppurple round spots distributed in the clam tissues of the hypoxia group, which might be due to abnormal lipid metabolism to form the lipid accumulation in the clams exposed to hypoxia. At 22 ^oC water temperature, oxygen consumption, ammonia excretion rate and CO₂ production of clams were significantly affected by hypoxia stress. The rates of oxygen consumption, ammonia excretion and CO_2 production of the clams decreased when exposed to hypoxia on the 2nd day, with their values being 0.566 mg·g^-1·h^-1, 0.079 mg·g^-1·h^-1 and 26.236 mg·g^-1·h^-1 respectively. The oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates reached the lowest level on the 2nd day. But the CO₂ production rate reached the lowest value (7.422 mg·g^-1·h^-1) on the 20th day, which was about one half compared to the control group. The O:N ratio was 6.25-12.11 in the hypoxia group, and it reached the maximum value of 12.11 on the 20th day. Therefore, hypoxia had an important impact on the tissue structure and physiological metabolism in clams. The results could provide a theoretical basis for the scientific management of clam’s aquaculture.

Key words: Vitex negundo var heterophylla, water source, IsoSource model, Platycladus orientalis, hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes, precipitation events

张文斌1,2,吕振波1,张莹1**,陈建强1,李凡1,郑亮1,2,丛旭日1,2. 缺氧胁迫对菲律宾蛤仔（Ruditapes philippinarum）生理代谢的影响[J]. 生态学杂志.

ZHANG Wen-bin1,2, LU Zhen-bo1, ZHANG Ying1**, CHEN Jian-qiang1, LI Fan1, ZHENG Liang1,2, CONG Xu-ri1,2. Influence of hypoxia stress on physiological metabolism of Ruditapes philippinarum.[J]. cje.

[1]	张宇,张明军,王圣杰,郭蓉,车存伟,杜勤勤,马转转,苏鹏燕. 基于稳定氧同位素确定植物水分来源不同方法的比较 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2020, 39(4): 1356-1368.
[2]	季树新,乔荣荣,白雪莲,王理想,常学礼. 荒漠-绿洲过渡带不同生境植被生产力格局对降雨的响应 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2020, 39(2): 376-383.
[3]	李亦然,马睿,张永涛,程甜甜,李泽东,牛勇. 基于Gash修正模型模拟侧柏及其混交林的林冠截留过程 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2019, 38(5): 1331-1338.
[4]	曾欢欢,刘文杰,吴骏恩,朱习爱. 西双版纳地区丛林式橡胶林内植物的水分利用策略 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2019, 38(2): 394-403.
[5]	孟德坤,闵孝君,臧永新,马剑英. 塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘人工防护林和自然群落多枝柽柳叶片养分特征与水分利用策略 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2019, 38(11): 3245-3253.
[6]	韩磊,何俊,齐拓野,田佳,孙兆军,展秀丽. 宁夏河东沙区侧柏冠层气孔导度对环境因子的响应及其模拟 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2018, 37(9): 2862-2868.
[7]	刘澄静,角媛梅,刘歆,刘志林,丁银平. 基于氢氧稳定同位素的哈尼水稻梯田湿地水源补给分析 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2018, 37(10): 3092-3099.
[8]	朱金方1,2,3,刘京涛2*,孙景宽2,赵艳云2,陆兆华2,3,李俊生1. 贝壳堤岛不同生境下柽柳水分来源比较 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2017, 36(8): 2364-2374.
[9]	王旋1,曹帮华2*,毛培利1,王树梅1,曹振玉1,姜仟坤1. 雪灾对鲁南地区侧柏林的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2017, 36(6): 1509-1514.
[10]	黄甫昭,韦春强,李先琨,陆树华,吕仕洪*. 不同水分条件下黄荆条对其冠下青冈栎和茶条木幼苗生长的影响 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2017, 36(2): 389-395.
[11]	史元春,赵成章**,宋清华,杜晶,王继伟. 兰州北山侧柏株高与冠幅、胸径异速生长关系的坡向差异性 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2015, 34(7): 1879-1885.
[12]	高婵婵1,彭焕华2,赵传燕1**,刘兴明3. 基于Gash模型的青海云杉林降水截留模拟 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2015, 34(1): 288-294.
[13]	张连金1,胡艳波2,赵中华2,孙长忠1**. 北京九龙山侧柏人工林空间结构多样性 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2015, 34(1): 60-69.
[14]	冯建祥1,黄敏参1,黄茜1,郭婕敏1,林光辉1,2**. 稳定同位素在滨海湿地生态系统研究中的应用现状与前景 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2013, 32(4): 1065-1074.
[15]	潘玉梅1,2,唐赛春2**,韦春强2,林春华2,3. 土著植物黄荆条水提取液对飞机草生长和光合特性的化感效应 [J]. 生态学杂志, 2013, 32(2): 351-357.