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臭氧和增温对醉蝶花(Cleome spinosa)氧化伤害及抗氧化酶活的影响

秦子晴1,2,徐胜2,3,4*,齐淑艳1,陈玮2,3,4,5,何兴元2,3,4,5,王义婧2,4   

  1. 1沈阳大学, 沈阳 110044;2中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所, 沈阳 110016;3中国科学院森林生态与管理重点实验室, 沈阳 110016;4中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;5中国科学院沈阳树木园, 沈阳 110016)
  • 出版日期:2020-03-10 发布日期:2020-03-10

Effects of elevated O3 concentration and warming on oxidative jury and antioxidant enzyme activities in leaves of Cleome spinosa.

QIN Zi-qing1,2, XU Sheng2,3,4*, QI Shu-yan1, CHEN Wei2,3,4,5, HE Xing-yuan2,3,4,5, WANG Yi-jing2,4   

  1. (1Shenyang University, Shenyang 110044, China; 2Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; 3Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China; 4University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; 5Shengyang Arboretum, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China).
  • Online:2020-03-10 Published:2020-03-10

摘要: 采用开顶箱气室(OTCs)研究不同臭氧浓度(80和160 nmol·mol-1)及增温(比对照的大气温度增加2 ℃)对园林观赏植物醉蝶花(Cleome spinosa)氧化及抗氧化特性的影响。结果表明:(1)经过160 nmol·mol-1高浓度臭氧急性熏蒸7 d后,醉蝶花叶片出现了明显的伤害症状,叶片表面呈现较大面积的漂白褪绿斑块,其他处理下无明显可见伤害症状;(2)与对照相比,高浓度臭氧(160 nmol·mol-1)处理下醉蝶花叶片丙二醛(MDA)含量、相对电导率、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均分别显著升高175.7%、259.9%、111.4%、54.3%(P<0.05),而超氧自由基(O2-·)产生速率显著降低67%(P<0.05);臭氧浓度80 nmol·mol-1处理下,MDA含量显著升高65.5%(P<0.05),CAT活性显著下降65.9%(P<0.05),说明醉蝶花在臭氧浓度80 nmol·mol-1左右时具有较高的臭氧耐受性,而臭氧浓度160 nmol·mol-1左右时植物叶片遭受臭氧胁迫,主要通过增强POD和SOD等抗氧化酶活性来抵御氧化伤害;(3)单独增温导致醉蝶花叶片的MDA含量和相对电导率显著升高62.1%和58.1%(P<0.05),但O2-·产生速率和CAT活性显著低于对照(P<0.05),分别降低了28.8%和71.1%,POD和SOD活性与对照相比差别不大,可能是增温使植物自身代谢增强产生这种现象;(4)与单独臭氧处理相比(80 nmol·mol-1),臭氧(80 nmol·mol-1)增温复合处理下植物叶片CAT、POD、SOD均分别显著升高141.7%、72.1%、107.9%(P<0.05);O2-·产生速率显著下降51%(P<0.05),说明臭氧和增温复合处理使醉蝶花遭受的臭氧胁迫加剧。该研究结果可为我国应对高浓度臭氧污染的突发急性事件下的园林及城市绿化植物选择和栽培提供科学依据。

Abstract: An experiment was conducted to examine the oxidation and anti-oxidizing response in leaves of Cleome spinosa, a garden ornamental plant, exposed to different ozone concentrations (80 and 160 nmol·mol-1) and increasing temperature treatments (2 ℃ higher than control) in open-top chambers (OTCs). The results showed that: (1) A visible leaf injury was observed after seven days with gas fumigation by elevated O3 (160 nmol·mol-1), and a large number of bleaching and chlorotic patches appeared on the leaves, whereas no visible injury was observed under 80 nmol·mol-1. (2) Under high O3 concentration (160 nmol·mol-1), malondialdehyde content (MDA), relative conductivity, peroxidase (POD) activity and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of C. spinosa leaves significantly increased by 175.7%, 259.9%, 111.4%,54.3%, respectively (P<0.05), while superoxide radical (O2-·) production rate was significantly reduced by 67% (P<0.05). Under the treatment of ozone concentration of 80 nmol·mol-1, MDA content increased significantly by 65.5% (P<0.05), catalase (CAT) activity decreased significantly by 65.9% (P<0.05), indicating that C.spinosa had high O3 tolerance ability at the concentration of 80 nmol·mol-1 O3. Under the O3 concentration of 160 nmol·mol-1 O3, plant leaves suffered O3 stress, and they resisted oxidative damage mainly by increasing antioxidant activity (POD and SOD). (3) Under single increasing temperature (IT), MDA content and relative conductivity of C. spinosa leaves increased significantly by 62.1% and 58.1% (P<0.05) respectively, but the O2-· production rate and CAT activity were 28.8% and 71.1% lower than the control respectively (both P<0.05), POD and SOD activities were not significantly different from the control, which may be attributed to enhanced plant metabolism due to higher temperature. (4) Compared with 80 nmol·mol-1 O3 alone, CAT, POD and SOD activities under the combination of increasing temperature and elevated O3 (80 nmol·mol-1) significantly increased by 141.7%, 72.1% and 107.9%, respectively (P<0.05); O2-· production rate significantly decreased by 51.0% (P<0.05), indicating that the combined treatment of O3 and increasing temperature exacerbated the O3 stress suffered by C. spinosa. These findings will provide a scientific basis for the selection and cultivation of plant species in gardens and urban greening in China under the sudden acute events of high-concentration ozone pollution.