提高摄食-捕食能力导向的鱼类野化训练方法述评

生态学杂志

提高摄食-捕食能力导向的鱼类野化训练方法述评

石小涛^1,2,陈求稳^1,2**,庄平³,刘德富¹,黄应平¹

（¹三峡库区生态环境教育部工程研究中心，三峡大学，宜昌 443002； ² 中国科学院生态环境研究中心，北京 10085； ³ 农业部海洋与河口渔业资源及生态重点开放实验室，上海 200090）

出版日期:2012-12-10 发布日期:2012-12-10

Life skill trainings for hatchery fish to improve its foraging and anti-predation capability in natural environment: A review.

SHI Xiao-tao^1,2, CHEN Qiu-wen^1,2**, ZHUANG Ping³, LIU De-fu¹, HUANG Ying-ping¹

(¹ Engineering Research Center of Ecoenvironment in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, 443002, China; ²Research Center for EcoEnvironmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100085, China; ³ Key and Open Laboratory of Marine and Estuarine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 200090, China)

Online:2012-12-10 Published:2012-12-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

鱼类的人工增殖放流未达到预期效果，原因之一是人工放流的鱼在放流后死亡率很高。鱼类在放流前的野化训练可能对提高其成活率有积极作用。本文分析了国内外增殖鱼类放流后成活率低的原因，指出摄食-反捕食能力是影响鱼类放流后成活率的关键要素之一；探讨了影响摄食-反捕食能力的重要因素，包括认知食物和捕食者信息、社会学习经验、环境的复杂程度和鱼类的游泳能力等；展望了鱼类野化训练技术的发展方向。

Abstract: The artificial proliferation and release of hatchery fish has not achieved expected results, primarily due to the low survival rate of the fish after released into natural environment. The life skill trainings for the hatchery fish before its release may have active effects on the improvement of the survival rate of post-release. This paper analyzed the reasons for the low survival rate of fish post-release, and pointed out that foraging and anti-predation capability was one of the key factors affecting the survival rate of fish post-release. The key factors affecting the foraging and anti-predation capability, including prey and predator recognition, social learning experience, environmental complexity, and fish swimming ability were discussed, and the innovative training techniques leading to a higher fish postrelease survival rate were suggested.

石小涛1,2,陈求稳1,2**,庄平3,刘德富1,黄应平1. 提高摄食-捕食能力导向的鱼类野化训练方法述评[J]. 生态学杂志.

SHI Xiao-tao1,2, CHEN Qiu-wen1,2**, ZHUANG Ping3, LIU De-fu1, HUANG Ying-ping1. Life skill trainings for hatchery fish to improve its foraging and anti-predation capability in natural environment: A review.[J]. cje.