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浙江省茶叶气候生产潜力评估

金志凤1*,杨栋2,姚益平1,李仁忠1,王治海1
  

  1. 1浙江省气候中心, 杭州 310017; 2宁波市气象台, 浙江宁波 315012)
  • 出版日期:2016-07-10 发布日期:2016-07-10

Assessment on climatic potential productivity of tea in Zhejiang Province.

JIN Zhi-feng1*, YANG Dong2, YAO Yi-ping1, LI Ren-zhong1, WANG Zhi-hai1#br#   

  1. (1Zhejiang Climate Center, Hangzhou 310017, China; 2Ningbo Meteorological Observatory, Ningbo 315012, Zhejiang, China).
  • Online:2016-07-10 Published:2016-07-10

摘要: 根据浙江省65个基本气象站1971—2013年的气象资料和茶叶产量资料,采用逐步订正、线性趋势分析等方法研究了茶叶的光合生产潜力(YQ)、光温生产潜力(YT)和气候生产潜力(YW),及其时空变化特征、主要影响因素和气候资源利用率。结果表明:浙江省茶叶YQ、YTYW多年平均值分别为15.17、11.27和8.39 t·hm-2;在空间分布上表现为YQ由南向北递增,YT由中部金华地区向四周递增,YW由北向南递增;近40年,YQ、YTYW均呈下降趋势,气候倾向率分别为-0.15、-0.45和-0.40 t·hm-2·10 a-1,受热量和水资源在气候变化背景下的显著变化影响,YT和YW下降趋势更为明显。近5年,浙江省茶叶气候资源利用率为1.73%~35.12%,平均为11.90%,高值区主要集中在杭州东部、绍兴、宁波、湖州南部和金华中部等地,超过20%。

关键词: 能量平衡, 潜热通量, 感热通量, 稀疏灌木, 黄土高原

Abstract: Based on the meteorological data observed by 65 basic weather stations and statistical data of tea yield, the photosynthesis potential productivity (YQ), photothermal potential productivity (YT), and climatic potential productivity (YW) of tea in Zhejiang Province in the past 43 years were evaluated with successive correction analysis. The main factors influencing YW were explored by analyzing the spatial and temporal variation of potential productivity. The climate resource utilization (P) was also assessed by combining the YW with actual productivity (Ya). The results showed that,  in the past 40 years, the YQ of tea in Zhejiang Province was 15.17 t·hm-2, with high value in north region and low value in the south region. The YT of tea was 11.27 t·hm-2, increasing gradually from Jinhua to the surrounding areas. The YW of tea was 8.39 t·hm-2, decreasing gradually from south to north. In the past 40 years, YQ, YT and YW all presented a decreased trend, with a climatic trend rate of -0.15, -0.45 and -0.40 t·hm-2·10 a-1, respectively. The variation speeds of YT and YW were more significant than that of YQ as the variation trend of heat and water resources was more obvious than that of solar radiation in the context of climate change. The P of tea in Zhejiang Province was 1.73%-35.12% (with an average of 11.90%) from 2009 to 2013. High P (>20%) was mainly distributed in the east of Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, south of Huzhou, and middle of Jinhua.

Key words: energy balance, sensible heat flux, latent heat flux, sparse shrubland,  , Loess Plateau.