造林密度对杉木幼林生长及空间利用的影响

生态学杂志

造林密度对杉木幼林生长及空间利用的影响

贾亚运^1,2,何宗明^1,2,周丽丽^1,2,马祥庆^1,2*,吴鹏飞^1,2,邹显花^1,2,刘青青^1,2,刘雨晖^3#br#

（¹ 福建农林大学林学院，福州 350002； ²国家林业局杉木工程技术研究中心，福州 350002； ^3福建农林大学莘口教学林场， 福建三明 65000）

出版日期:2016-05-10 发布日期:2016-05-10

Effects of planting densities on the growth and space utilization of young Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation.

JIA Ya-yun^1,2, HE Zong-ming^1,2, ZHOU Li-li^1,2, MA Xiang-qing^1,2*, WU Peng-fei^1,2, ZOU Xian-hua^1,2, LIU Qing-qing^1,2, LIU Yu-hui^3#br#

(¹ Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; ²State Forestry Administration Engineering Research Center of Chinese Fir, Fuzhou 350002, China; ³Xinkou Experimental Forest Farm of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Sanming 365000, Fujian, China).

Online:2016-05-10 Published:2016-05-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探讨不同造林密度对杉木人工林林分生长及林分空间利用的影响，选取福建省三明市福建农林大学莘口教学林场8年生不同造林密度（2400、3100、3400、4200和4400株·hm^-2）杉木人工纯林为研究对象，对林分平均胸径、树高、枝下高、冠幅、单株叶面积、根幅、根深和根系密度等指标进行调查，结果表明：随着造林密度的增大，杉木林分平均树高、胸径、单株材积和蓄积量均呈现先增大后减小的规律，造林密度为3400株·hm^-2时平均树高达到最大值（9.87 m），造林密度为3100株·hm^-2时林分平均胸径和平均单株材积均最大，林分蓄积量最大值出现在4200株·hm^-2。随着密度的增大，林分枝下高逐渐增高，冠幅、单株叶面积和叶面积指数逐渐减小。造林密度为2400株·hm^-2时，林分枝下高最低，冠幅、单株叶面积和叶面积指数均最大。杉木根幅和单株根量逐渐减小，根深和粗根密度逐渐增大，而细根密度则先增大后减小，最大值出现在3400株·hm^-2。随着年龄的增长，个体间空间竞争激烈，林分密度过大会限制林木群体的生长发育。在林分生长过程中，适时采用间伐、抚育等措施，可使人工林各发育阶段形成合理的群落空间结构，从而获取最大的木材收益。

关键词: 碳氮储量, 林龄动态, 岷江柏人工林, 干旱河谷

Abstract: In order to explore the effects of planting densities on the growth and spatial utilization of young Cunninghamia lanceolata plantations, an investigation was conducted in 8 years old C. lanceolata plantations with different planting densities (2400, 3100, 3400, 4200 and 4400 trees·hm^-2). The average height, DBH, individual volume and stand volume all decreased after an initial increase. The average height reached the maximum (9.87 m) when the stand density was 3400 trees·hm^-2. The average DBH and individual volume were the highest at the stand density of 3100 trees·hm^-2. The maximum stand volume was found at the density of 4200 trees·hm^-2. With the increase of stand density, clear bole height increased, while the crown width, leaf area per plant and leaf area index all decreased. The root range and root biomass per plant increased with increasing the stand density, while root depth and coarse root density had the opposite pattern. The fine root density increased to the maximum of 46.19 g·m^-3 at the density of 3400 trees·hm^-2, and then decreased gradually. The competition for space among individuals became more intense with the increase of age, and higher stand density limited the individuals’ growth and development. By timely thinning and tending, the stand could keep reasonable spatial structure at different developmental stages to obtain the best timber yield.

Key words: carbon and nitrogen storage,  age dynamics, Cupressus chengiana plantation, arid valley.

贾亚运1,2,何宗明1,2,周丽丽1,2,马祥庆1,2*,吴鹏飞1,2,邹显花1,2,刘青青1,2,刘雨晖3. 造林密度对杉木幼林生长及空间利用的影响[J]. 生态学杂志.

JIA Ya-yun1,2, HE Zong-ming1,2, ZHOU Li-li1,2, MA Xiang-qing1,2*, WU Peng-fei1,2, ZOU Xian-hua1,2, LIU Qing-qing1,2, LIU Yu-hui3. Effects of planting densities on the growth and space utilization of young Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation.[J]. cje.