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长白山区白江河泥炭地植被短期恢复实验

刘宇1,2,3,4,杨盼盼1,2,3,4,卜兆君1,2,3,4*,王升忠1,2,3,4*,刘超1,2,3,鹿凡1,2,3,陈永达1,2,3   

  1. (1东北师范大学地理科学学院泥炭沼泽研究所, 长春 130024;2长白山地理过程与生态安全教育部重点实验室, 长春 130024;3国家环境保护湿地生态与植被恢复重点实验室, 长春 130024;4长白山湿地生态过程与环境变化吉林省重点实验室, 长春 130024)
  • 出版日期:2019-07-10 发布日期:2019-07-10

A short-term experiment on vegetation restoration in Baijianghe peatland of Changbai Mountains.

LIU Yu1,2,3,4, YANG Pan-pan1,2,3,4, BU Zhao-jun1,2,3,4*, WANG Sheng-zhong1,2,3,4*, LIU Chao1,2,3, LU Fan1,2,3, CHEN Yong-da1,2,3   

  1. (1Institute for Peat and MireResearch, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; 2Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China; 3State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, Changchun 130024, China; 4Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory for Wetland Ecological Processes and Environmental Change in the Changbai Mountains, Changchun 130024, China).
  • Online:2019-07-10 Published:2019-07-10

摘要: 泥炭地是重要陆地碳库,在全球范围内大多面临退化问题。选择长白山区排水改造后的白江河泥炭地为研究地,采用水文恢复、小灌木去除和泥炭藓移植结合的技术,通过筑坝堵截排水沟、剪除金露梅和移植泥炭藓繁殖体以实现各3个水平的水位埋深、小灌木盖度和移植密度的手段,进行了短期恢复实验研究。结果表明:随着水位提升,泥炭藓定植盖度增大;移植密度不超过1∶10(采集∶移植面积比)的条件下,定植盖度随移植密度增大而增大;在浅水位埋深(5~30 cm)条件下,定植盖度随小灌木盖度增加而增加。研究表明,排水泥炭地的恢复项目中,在抬升水位的基础上,移植足量的泥炭藓繁殖体,适当移除小灌木,可提高泥炭地生态恢复的效率。

关键词: 土壤景观模型, 模拟退火, 多层感知机, 采样布局优化

Abstract: Peatlands are one of the major carbon sinks in global terrestrial ecosystems, where Sphagnum is the most important contributor to carbon sequestration, but are faced with degradation over large parts of the world. In this study, an experimental restoration was performed in a drained and degraded part of Baijianghe peatland, Changbai Mountains, which had seen a recent dramatic loss of Sphagnum with the cover of Potentilla fruticosa reaching almost 100%. Experimental treatments included rewetting by ditch blocking (three water table depths), dwarf shrub removal (0, 50% or 90% removed) and Sphagnumpropagule spreading (three densities). The results showed that Sphagnum cover increased with increasing water table. When transplantation density (ratio of surface collected to surface restored) was no more than 1∶10, the cover of Sphagnum increased with transplantation density. Only at a high water table (5-30 cm), a high dwarf shrub cover led to an increase in Sphagnum cover. Results from this shortterm study suggests that the restoration efficiency of drained peatlands will be enhanced when sufficient amounts of Sphagnum propagule are transplanted and appropriate removal of dwarf shrubs are performed on the basis of raising water level.

Key words: soil-landscape model, simulated annealing, multilayer perception, sampling layout optimization.