海南中部生态核心区流域水资源横向生态补偿方法

生态学杂志

海南中部生态核心区流域水资源横向生态补偿方法

陈伊郴^1,2,李硕^1,2*,徐慧珺^1,3,乔雪^1,2

（¹虚拟地理环境教育部重点实验室（南京师范大学），南京 210023；²江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心，南京 210023； ³江苏省基础地理信息中心，南京 210013）

出版日期:2019-04-10 发布日期:2019-04-10

Horizontal ecological compensation method for water resources in the ecological core area of central Hainan.

CHEN Yi-chen^1,2, LI Shuo^1,2*, XU Hui-jun^1,3, QIAO Xue^1,2

(¹Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Nanjing Normal University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, China; ²Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application, Nanjing 210023, China; ³Jiangsu Provincial Geomatics Center, Nanjing 210013, China).

Online:2019-04-10 Published:2019-04-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 流域水资源生态补偿是促进流域生态环境保护、区域经济可持续发展的必要举措。本文以海南中部生态核心区的琼中黎族苗族自治县为例，综合应用遥感、GIS和SWAT水文模型等技术手段，探讨了流域水资源横向生态补偿所涉及的相关问题和解决方法。利用GIS的流域结构分析和空间叠加分析方法分别勾画、确定了琼中下游万泉河流域、昌化江流域和南渡江流域的范围及下游的相关市县，明确了生态补偿实施的主体构成。利用SWAT水文模型计算得出琼中县多年下游输水量为43.73×10⁸ m³·a^-1，万泉河流域、南渡江流域、昌化江流域输水量分别占总水量的74%、14%和12%。通过对琼中县施行的植树造林、农村环境综合整治、水源地保护等多项水环境生态保护项目投入的核算以及“两个暂停”政策下的机会成本计算，构建了基于成本核算法的琼中县水资源横向生态补偿总量计算模型，按照先流域、后市县的办法，根据下游输水量和生产用水指标构建了下游市县补偿份额分配模型并计算了下游各市县分担的横向生态补偿量。本研究可为水源地型流域水资源横向补偿的实施提供参考。

关键词: 涡度相关, 生态系统CO₂交换量, 碳汇, 油蒿灌丛

Abstract: The ecological compensation of water resources in basin is an essential measure to promote the protection of local environment and the sustainable development of regional economy. Here, we applied remote sensing, GIS, and soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) to explore the problems and solutions related to horizontal ecological compensation of water resources in Qiongzhong LiMiao Autonomous County, an ecological core area of central Hainan. The GIS watershed structure analysis and overlay analysis were conducted to delineate the boundaries and scopes of Wanquan River basin, Changhua River basin and Nandu River basin in the lower reaches of Qiongzhong, and to identify the spatial relationships among counties (cities) within each basin. The subject components of ecological compensation implementation were further clarified. By using the SWAT hydrological model, the calculated mean total water supply to the downstream counties (cities) from Qiongzhong County was 4.373 billion cubic meters per year, and the water transfer from Wanquan River basin, Nandu River basin and Changhua River basin accounted for 74%, 14% and 12% of the total water supply, respectively. Based on the input accounting of a number of water environment ecological protection projects such as afforestation, comprehensive improvement of rural environment and water source protection as well as the opportunity cost calculation under the “two suspensions” policy implemented in Qiongzhong County, a cost-based mathematic model of the total amount of horizontal ecological compensation for water resources of Qiongzhong County was constructed. By considering basins first and then counties (cities), the compensation sharing distribution model was constructed based on the indicators of water supply for each basin and production water consumption for each downstream county (city). The horizontal ecological compensation shared by the downstream counties (cities) was calculated. Our results provide useful reference for the implementation of horizontal ecological compensation for water resources in river basins.

Key words: eddy covariance, ecosystem carbon exchange, carbon sink, Artemisia ordosica shrubland.

陈伊郴,李硕,徐慧珺,乔雪. 海南中部生态核心区流域水资源横向生态补偿方法[J]. 生态学杂志.

CHEN Yi-chen, LI Shuo, XU Hui-jun, QIAO Xue. Horizontal ecological compensation method for water resources in the ecological core area of central Hainan.[J]. cje.

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