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• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

AM真菌对紫花苜蓿茎点霉叶斑病及豌豆蚜为害的影响

李应德1,2,3,段廷玉1,2,3*   

  1. 1兰州大学草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室, 兰州 730000; 2兰州大学农业农村部草牧业创新重点实验室, 兰州 730000; 3兰州大学草地农业科技学院, 兰州 730000)
  • 出版日期:2020-04-10 发布日期:2020-04-10

Effects of AM fungi on alfalfa leaf spot caused by Phoma medicaginis and pea aphids Acyrthosiphon pisum.

Li Ying-de1,2,3, Duan Ting-yu1,2,3*   

  1. (1State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agroecosystems, Lanzhou 730000, China; 2Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730000, China; 3College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China).
  • Online:2020-04-10 Published:2020-04-10

摘要: 苜蓿茎点霉(Phoma medicaginis)叶斑病和豌豆蚜(Acyrthosiphon pisum)是紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)生产中重要的病虫害,在自然条件下常混合发生。本研究以紫花苜蓿为植物材料,探究接种AM真菌后,紫花苜蓿被苜蓿茎点霉侵染时,植物自身的防御机制,以及对后续豌豆蚜为害的影响,以期明确AM真菌对其调控机制。结果表明:AM真菌可显著降低植株茎点霉叶斑病病情指数(P<0.05);AM真菌促进了紫花苜蓿生长(P<0.05),改变了植株抗氧化酶(超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT))活性以及植物激素信号物质(水杨酸(SA))含量(P<0.05);病原菌侵染会诱导植物抗氧化防御系统活性增强,包括过氧化物酶(POD)、SOD、CAT和多酚氧化酶(PPO)(P<0.05),从而增加植物对后续虫害的抗性;AM真菌在植物受到病原菌胁迫时会发挥积极作用,显著提高植株的SOD和CAT活性(P<0.05),有效抑制病原菌侵染对植株造成的危害;而蚜虫为害则进一步加重了植物受到的损害,抑制了AM真菌对植物抗病性的正向调控。研究结果对于利用AM真菌促进紫花苜蓿生长、提高植物抗逆性具有积极的实践和理论意义。

Abstract: The leaf spot caused byPhoma medicaginisis a common disease of alfalfa, which usually cooccurs with pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum). To clarify the regulation role of AM fungi, we investigated the defense mechanism of AM fungiinoculated plants after infected byP. medicaginis, and the subsequent damage of pea aphids to plants. The results showed that AM fungi significantly reduced plant disease index (P<0.05). AM fungi regulated the response of plants to leaf spot and aphids by promoting plant growth (P<0.05), changing activities of plant defensive enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) and the concentrations of salicylic acid (SA) concentration (P<0.05). Infection of pathogen enhanced the activities of plant antioxidant defense system, including peroxidase (POD), SOD, CAT and PPO (P<0.05), thereby increasing the resistance of plants to subsequent aphids feeding. AM fungi played an active role in defence against pathogen, significantly increased the SOD and CAT activities (P<0.05), and inhibited the damage of leaf spot by P. medicaginis. The aphids further aggravated plant damage and reduced the regulative role of AM fungi and the resistance of alfalfa to pathogen infection.