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长白山苔原带植被变化与土壤微生物、酶活性及土壤肥力的相关性

张英洁1,靳英华1*,谷晓楠1,许嘉巍1,陶岩1,贺红士1,2,王嫒林1,刘羽霞1,牛莉平1#br#   

  1. 1东北师范大学地理科学学院, 长春 130024;  2美国密苏里大学自然资源学院, 美国哥伦比亚 MO 65211)
  • 出版日期:2017-11-10 发布日期:2017-11-10

Vegetation change in relation to soil microbes, enzyme activity and soil fertility in the tundra of Changbai Mountain.

ZHANG Ying-jie1, JIN Ying-hua1*, GU Xiao-nan1, XU Jia-wei1, TAO Yan1, HE Hong-shi1,2, WANG Ai-lin1, LIU Yu-xia1, NIU Li-ping1#br#   

  1. (1School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024; 2School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA).
  • Online:2017-11-10 Published:2017-11-10

摘要: 全球变暖背景下长白山苔原带多种草本植物入侵,植被显著发生变化。本研究通过测试苔原植被不同变化阶段的土壤微生物、土壤酶活性和土壤肥力,分析苔原带植被变化带来的土壤中微生物群落结构、酶活性的变化,研究土壤中微生物群落结构、酶活性对土壤肥力的影响,以及土壤肥力的变化对苔原带植被变化的可能作用。研究表明:(1)苔原带植被从类型Ⅰ(稳定型,草本植物相对盖度<5%)到类型Ⅴ(强烈变化型,草本植物相对盖度>70%)的植被变化过程中,土壤微生物、土壤酶活性随之相应变化。其中,从类型I到类型Ⅳ(变化型,草本植物相对盖度为30%~70%)的植被变化过程中,土壤微生物PLFAs及酶活性持续增加;但从类型Ⅳ到类型V的植被变化过程中,土壤微生物PLFAs减少,酶活性降低;(2)苔原土微生物PLFAs(及酶活性)变化引起土壤肥力明显变化,土壤微生物PLFAs(及酶活性)增加,土壤有机质分解加快,速效养分增加;(3)鉴于土壤肥力提高有利于草本植被入侵,推断土壤微生物及酶活性和植被变化之间存在一个由正反馈向负反馈的转化过程,土壤微生物和土壤酶活性变化是长白山苔原植被变化的重要影响因子。

关键词: 吲哚乙酸氧化酶, 解淀粉芽孢杆菌YTB1407, 块根分化建成, 生长素吲哚乙酸, 甘薯

Abstract: Herbaceous plants have encroached into tundra area of Changbai Mountain under warming climate, which has severely changed the tundra vegetation. We analyzed soil microbes, soil enzyme activity and soil fertility at different stages of herbaceous encroachment. We also analyzed subsequent changes of soil microbial community structure and enzyme activity and the effects of soil microbial community structure and enzyme activity on soil fertility as well as the effects of changes in soil fertility on vegetation changes. Results showed that: (1) Soil microbes and soil enzyme activity changed as the vegetation changed. Among these changes, soil microbial PLFAs and enzyme activity continued to increase with the level of herbaceous encroachment. However, soil microbial PLFAs and enzyme activity decreased when the herbaceous plants dominated the plant communities. (2) The decomposition of soil organic matter was accelerated and the available nutrients increased with the increase of soil microbial PLFAs and enzyme activity under high level of herbaceous encroachment. (3) A transformation process from positive feedback to negative feedback occurred between soil microbes, enzyme activity and the level of herbaceous encroachment. Therefore, the changes of soil microbes and enzyme activity significantly affected herbaceous plant encroachment of the tundra vegetation of Changbai Mountain.

Key words: IAA oxidase, tuberization, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens YTB1407, sweet potato, indole acetic acid