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生境因子对岩质边坡生态恢复过程中植被多样性的影响

邹蜜1,罗庆华2,辜彬1**,窦亮1,潘树林3   

  1. (1四川大学生命科学学院, 成都 610064; 2四川省成都市龙泉驿区农村发展局, 成都 610100; 3宜宾学院矿业与安全工程学院, 四川宜宾 644007)
  • 出版日期:2013-01-10 发布日期:2013-01-10

Influence of habitat factors on vegetation diversity in the process of eco-restoration on rocky slopes.

ZOU Mi1, LUO Qing-hua2, GU Bin1**, DOU Liang1,  PAN Shu-lin3   

  1. (1College of Life Science, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China; 2Rural Development Bureau of Longquanyi District, Chengdu 610100, China; 3 Faculty of Mining and Safety Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644007, Sichuan, China)
  • Online:2013-01-10 Published:2013-01-10

摘要: 通过对舟山市已生态恢复的岩质边坡进行植物群落调查,记录了36个不同生境条件下边坡样地中的植物种及生境因子,计算了4个植物物种多样性指数,利用广义线性混合模型分析了生境因子与边坡植被多样性变化的关系,以揭示生境因子对岩质边坡生态恢复植被的影响。结果表明:从1 a到7 a的岩质边坡生态恢复过程中,坡位对边坡植被多样性的影响最显著(P<0.05),不同坡位的Shannon-Wiener指数、Margalef指数、物种丰富度差异明显,其变化呈现一致的趋势为下坡>中坡>上坡;坡向与Margalef指数显著相关(P<0.05),从阳坡、半阳坡、半阴坡到阴坡,植被多样性呈总体上升趋势;随着边坡恢复年限的延长,边坡植被多样性逐渐增加,但没有表现出统计学意义上的差异(P>0.05);坡度、海拔、土壤厚度对边坡植被多样性的变化无明显影响(P>0.05);Pielou均匀度指数与各个生境因子均无显著关系,在边坡植被恢复过程中基本保持稳定的状态。因此,坡位、坡向是影响岩质边坡生态恢复过程中植被多样性最重要的因子;Margalef丰富度指数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数是岩质边坡生态恢复过程中植物群落变化的主要指示因子。

Abstract: An investigation was made on the plant species and habitat factors on different eco-restored rocky slopes in Zhoushan City of Zhejiang Province, East China. The plant species and habitat factors on the slopes of 36 different habitats were recorded, and 4 diversity indices of plant species were calculated. The GLMM analysis was adopted to study the influence of habitat factors on the vegetation diversity in the process of eco-restoration on the rocky slopes. In the 1-7 years of eco-restoration on the rocky slopes, slope position had significant effects on the vegetation diversity (P<0.05). There existed obvious differences in the Shannon-Wiener index (H′), Margalef index (R), and species richness (S) at different slope positions, and the variations of the three indices showed a consistent trend, i.e., lower slope > middle slope > upper slope. Slope aspect had a significant correlation with Margalef index (P<0.05). From sunny slope, semisunny slope, and semi-shady slope to shady slope, the vegetation diversity showed an overall increasing trend. With the increase of ecorestoration years, the vegetation diversity increased gradually, but had no significant difference (P>0.05). Slope angle, elevation, and soil thickness had no significant effects on the vegetation diversity (P>0.05). During the process of eco-restoration, the Pielou index (J) remained stable, and had no significant correlations with habitat factors. Therefore, slope position and slope aspect were the most important factors affecting the vegetation diversity, and the Shannon-Wiener index and Margalef index were the main indicators reflecting the plant community change in the process of eco-restoration on rocky slopes.