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生态学杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (01): 200-206.

• 综述与专论 • 上一篇    下一篇

外生菌根缓解植物酸雨胁迫的机理研究进展

张慰1,陈展2**,邓仕槐1,尚鹤2   

  1. 1四川农业大学资源环境学院, 四川雅安 625014;2中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所, 国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室, 北京 100091
  • 出版日期:2012-01-08 发布日期:2012-01-08

Ectomycorrhizae-induced mitigation mechanisms against the damages of acid rain on plants: A review.

ZHANG Wei1, CHEN Zhan2, DENG Shi-huai1, SHANG He2   

  1. 1College of Resources and Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, Sichuan, China;2Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry; Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment, State Forestry Administration, Beijing 100091, China
  • Online:2012-01-08 Published:2012-01-08

摘要: 森林作为陆地生态系统的主体,是酸雨污染的主要受体,酸雨对生态系统产生着巨大的影响。菌根是菌根真菌与植物营养根的共生体。外生菌根真菌与宿主植物间互惠互利,在森林生态系统中,外生菌根在维持生态系统的养分平衡和改善树木营养等方面有重要的作用。本文综述了国内外关于菌根和酸雨关系的研究,酸雨能抑制外生菌根的形成,降低其活力;但另一方面,外生菌根能够缓解酸雨造成的植物危害,提高植株对酸雨的耐受力。外生菌根主要通过以下几方面缓解酸雨胁迫:(1)菌根形态结构的物理屏蔽作用;(2)增加养分吸收,增加御酸能力;(3)增强酶活性,提高植物生存能力;(4)产生有机酸或其他物质。

关键词: 番茄, 一氧化氮, Cu胁迫, PCs, GSH

Abstract: As a main body of terrestrial ecosystem, forest is a major receptor of acid rain pollution. Acid rain has severe impact on forest ecosystem. Ectomycorrhizal fungi symbiose with plant roots, and protect their hosts against various aggressions, including that from acid rain. Many of the macrofungi form symbiotic ectomycorrhizae with forest trees, playing an important role in maintaining the nutrient balance of the trees and protecting the trees against pathogens. This paper reviewed the research advances in the relationships between mycorrhizae and acid rain. Acid rain can inhibit and reduce ectomycorrhizal formation and vitality, whereas ectomycorrhizae can alleviate the damage of acid rain to host plants and improve the hosts’ tolerance against acid rain. The ectomycorrhizae-induced mitigation mechanisms against the acid rain stress on plants are: 1) physical shielding effect of ectomycorrhizal morphological structure, 2) promoting host plant nutrient uptake and increasing host plant acid-defense capability, 3) improving host plant enzyme activities and host plant viability, and 4) secreting organic acids or other substances.

Key words: tomato, nitric oxide, copper stress, PCs, GSH.