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天山南坡高寒草地海拔梯度上的植物多样性变化格局

胡玉昆1;李凯辉1;阿德力·麦地1;柳妍妍1,2;范永刚1,2;王鑫1,2;高国刚1,2   

  1. 1中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 乌鲁木齐 830011;
    2中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100039
  • 收稿日期:2006-03-31 修回日期:2006-11-08 出版日期:2007-02-10 发布日期:2007-02-10

Plant species diversity of alpine grasslands on southern slope of Tianshan Mountain along altitude gradient

HU Yu-kun1; LI Kai-hui1,2; Adeli Maidy1; LIU Yan-yan1,2; FAN Yong-gang1,2; WANG Xin1,2; GAO Guo-gang1,2   

  1. 1Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011,
    China;
    2Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
  • Received:2006-03-31 Revised:2006-11-08 Online:2007-02-10 Published:2007-02-10

摘要: 山地气候随海拔梯度变化使山地成为研究生物多样性的热点区域。在天山南坡巴音布鲁克高寒草地,对不同海拔梯度下的物种多样性进行了研究。结果表明:共调查样地9个, 出现植物34种,分属17科29属;物种丰富度随海拔升高呈明显的偏峰格局, 在海拔3 060 m的天山羽衣草(Alchemilla tianschanica)草甸,物种组成最为丰富,出现植物17种,分属12科17属;Shannon-Wiener指数的变化范围为2.02~2.40,最小值出现在海拔2 760 m以紫花针茅(Stipa purpurea)为优势种的高寒草原,峰值则出现在3 060 m的天山羽衣草草甸,Shannon-Wiener指数随海拔梯度的变化趋势与物种丰富度基本相同,呈明显的偏峰格局;随海拔升高, Cody指数表现出明显的单峰格局;Shannon-Wiener指数与生长季温度存在显著负相关,而与生长季湿度和土壤含水量存在显著正相关。

关键词: 二氧化硫, 干沉降速率, 大气沉降, 油菜, 水稻

Abstract: Climate alteration due to altitude gradient makes mountain biota a hotspot of biological richness research. The study on the plant species diversity of Bayanbulak alpine grasslands on the southern slope of Tianshan Mountain showed that at 9 sampling sites along altitude gradient, a total of 34 species was recorded, belonging to 29 genera and 17 families. The species richness along altitude gradient presented partially unimodal pattern, being the maximal on the Alchemilla tianschanica grassland at 3 060 m, with 17 species belonging to 12 families and 17 genera. The Shannon-Wiener index also showed a partially unimodal pattern. Its variation range was 2.02-2.40, with the maximum on the A. tianschanica grassland at 3 060 m and the minimum on the Stipa purpurea grassland at 2 760 m. The Cody index along altitude gradient presented unimodal pattern. Shannon-Wiener index was negatively correlated with the temperature, while positively correlated with the relative humidity and soil moisture content in growing season.

Key words: Sulphur dioxide, Dry deposition Velocity, atmospheric deposition, Rapeseed, Rice, Dynamics