甘肃陇东黄土高原冬小麦对气候变暖的响应

生态学杂志

甘肃陇东黄土高原冬小麦对气候变暖的响应

王位泰^1,2；张天锋²；黄斌²；李宗²；王润元¹；杨民³；蒲金涌⁴

¹中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室，兰州 730020;²庆阳市气象局，庆阳 745000；³甘肃省气象局，兰州 730020；⁴甘肃省天水农业气象试验站，天水 741020

收稿日期:2005-10-20 修回日期:2006-01-26 出版日期:2006-07-10 发布日期:2006-07-10

Responses of winter wheat in the Loess Plateau of east Gansu Province to climate warming

WANG Weitai^1,2;ZHANG Tianfeng²;HUANG Bin²; LI Zongyan²; WANG Runyuan¹;YANG Min³;PU Jinyong⁴

¹Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Changing and Reducing Disaster of Gansu Prorince, Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou 730020, China; ²Meteorological Bureau of Qingyang City, Qingyang 745000, China;³Gansu Provincial Meteorological Bureau, Lanzhou 730020, China；⁴Agrometeriological Experiment Station of Tianshui，Tianshui 741020, China

Received:2005-10-20 Revised:2006-01-26 Online:2006-07-10 Published:2006-07-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 使用地面试验田平行观测资料，就甘肃陇东黄土高原冬小麦对气候变暖的响应进行了比较分析。结果表明，1981年以来，冬小麦对气候变暖的响应主要表征为全生育期与越冬期的缩短，返青期与收获期提前,而越冬前和返青后的生长期总日数并无明显变化；各发育阶段对增温的响应差异明显，增温使营养生长阶段的返青至起身至拔节和生殖生长阶段的开花及成熟日期提前，乳熟日期和开花至成熟期间的总日数无明显变化，但增温使生殖生长阶段的开花至乳熟有延长趋势，而乳熟至成熟期有缩短趋势。籽粒重随≥10 ℃积温的增加而增加，随3月至收获期最高气温的升高而减少；产量随平均最低气温的升高和≥0 ℃、≥5 ℃、≥10 ℃和≥15 ℃积温的增加而增加，随≥20 ℃积温的增加而减少，表明高温天气增加对冬小麦产量有一定程度的逼熟减产负作用产生。

关键词: 地理信息系统(GIS), 农业生态信息系统, 红壤小流域, 土地评价

Abstract: The study based on ground parallel observation data showed that since 1981, the whole growth and over-wintering periods of winter wheat in the Loess Plateau of east Gansu Province shortened, the dates of its turning green and harvesting went ahead, but the days from its over-wintering to turning green didn’t have distinct change. Climate warming made the dates of turning green, jointing, flowering and maturing gone ahead, the days from flowering to milkmaturing prolonged, and the days from milk-maturing to maturing shortened. Seed grain weight increased with increasing accumulated temperature ≥10 ℃, but decreased with the raise of maximum temperature in the period from March to harvest time. The yield increased with the raise of average minimum temperature and the increasing accumulated temperature ≥0 ℃, ≥5 ℃, ≥10 ℃ and ≥15 ℃, but decreased with the increase of accumulated temperature ≥20 ℃, which indicated that the increase of high temperature weather had a definite negative effect on the winter wheat yield.

Key words: Geographic Information System(GIS), Agro-ecology information system, Red soil watershed, Land evaluation

王位泰；张天锋；黄斌；李宗；王润元；杨民；蒲金涌 . 甘肃陇东黄土高原冬小麦对气候变暖的响应[J]. 生态学杂志.

WANG Weitai^1,2;ZHANG Tianfeng²;HUANG Bin²; LI Zongyan²; WANG Runyuan¹;YANG Min³;PU Jinyong⁴ . Responses of winter wheat in the Loess Plateau of east Gansu Province to climate warming[J]. cje.

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