华西雨屏区不同林龄柳杉人工林表层土壤磷组分特征

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202403.031

生态学杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 623-632.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202403.031

华西雨屏区不同林龄柳杉人工林表层土壤磷组分特征

杨宬君¹,张鑫²,马孟平³,胡一帆¹,洪宗文¹,熊仕臣¹,刘宣¹,游成铭^1*

（¹长江上游林业生态工程四川省重点实验室/长江上游森林资源保育与生态安全国家林业和草原局重点实验室/华西雨屏区人工林生态系统研究长期科研基地/四川农业大学生态林业研究所，成都 611100； ²四川省夹江县自然资源局，四川夹江 614100； ³安徽省全椒县神山国有林场，安徽全椒 239500）

出版日期:2024-03-10 发布日期:2024-03-05

Characteristics of topsoil phosphorus fractions along a chronosequence of Cryptomeria japonica var. sinensis plantations in the rainy area of western China.

YANG Chengjun¹， ZHANG Xin², MA Mengping³, HU Yifan¹, HONG Zongwen¹, XIONG Shichen¹, LIU Xuan¹, YOU Chengming^1*

(¹Provincial Key Laboratory for Forestry Ecological Engineering of the Upper Reaches of Yangtze River/Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration for Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Security in the Upper Yangtze River/Long-term Research Base for Plantation Ecosystem Research in the Rainy Area of Western China/Ecological Forestry Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611100, China; ²Department of Natural Resources, Jiajiang 614100, Sichuan, China; ³Stateowned Forest Farm of Shen Mountain, Quanjiao 239500, Anhui, China).

Online:2024-03-10 Published:2024-03-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 磷是限制植物生产力的重要养分之一，但土壤磷组分随林木生长发育阶段的变化特征仍不清楚。本研究以四川盆地华西雨屏区洪雅林场7个林龄（6、12、23、27、32、46、52 a）柳杉人工林为对象，采集0～20 cm土壤样品，运用Hedley磷分级法测定土壤磷组分含量，探究不同林龄柳杉人工林土壤磷组分的差异。结果表明：柳杉人工林土壤全磷含量为231.93～370.27 mg·kg^-1，在幼龄林（6 a）最低，中龄林（12 a）最高；土壤总无机磷和总有机磷含量随林龄增加呈先增后降和增加的趋势。总无机磷占全磷的比例随林龄增加呈下降趋势，而总有机磷则相反。活性无机磷组分、活性有机磷组分和中等活性有机磷组分含量随林龄增加而增加，可能与pH降低和有机碳增加有显著关联。中龄林（12 a）和成熟林（32 a）的中等活性无机磷组分含量显著高于其他林龄。稳定态磷组分含量随林龄增加呈先增加后降低趋势，土壤容重增加和土壤含水率降低是重要影响因素。多元线性回归模型与Pearson相关性分析表明，活性无机磷与林龄无显著相关，中等活性有机磷随林龄增加而升高能正向影响活性无机磷生成。本研究发现表层土壤磷组分会随着林龄增加发生变化，这有助于对相应林龄土壤磷素出现的问题提出解决措施，为柳杉人工林提质增效与土壤肥力维持提供理论依据。

关键词: 华西雨屏区, 林龄, 针叶人工林, 土壤养分, Hedley磷分级

Abstract: Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential nutrients limiting plant productivity. However, how stand age affects soil P fractions remains poorly understood. Here, topsoil samples (0-20 cm) were collected from Cryptomeria japonica plantations with seven stand ages (6, 12, 23, 27, 32, 46, 52 years old) in the Hongya Forest Farm in the rainy area of western China in Sichuan basin. Soil P fractions were measured by Hedley P classification method. The results showed that soil total P concents ranged from 231.93 to 370.27 mg·kg^-1, and were the lowest at young age (6 years old) and the highest at middle-aged forest (12 years old). The contents of soil total inorganic P and total organic P first increased and then decreased and increased respectively with increasing stand age. The proportion of total inorganic P to total P decreased with increasing stand age, while the pattern for total organic P was opposite. The contents of labile inorganic P, labile organic P and moderately labile organic P generally increased with increasing stand age, which may be correlated with the decrease of pH and the increase of organic carbon content. Moderately labile inorganic P fractions of middle-aged (12 years old) and mature (32 years old) plantations were significantly higher than those of other stand ages. Soil non-labile P fraction first increased and then decreased with increasing stand age, with the increase in soil bulk density and the decrease in soil water content as main reasons. Results of multiple linear regression model and Pearson correlation analysis showed that labile inorganic P did not correlate with stand ages. Moderately labile organic P, which affects labile inorganic P, could increase with increasing stand age. The increase of moderately labile organic P with increasing stand age could positively affect the production of labile inorganic P. Our results indicated that topsoil P fractions varied with stand ages. These findings can help propose solutions to the problems of soil P at corresponding stand ages and provide theoretical basis for improving the quality and efficiency and maintaining soil fertility of Cryptomeria japonica plantations.

Key words: rainy area of western China, stand age, coniferous plantation, soil nutrient, Hedley phosphorus fractionation

杨宬君, 张鑫, 马孟平, 胡一帆, 洪宗文, 熊仕臣, 刘宣, 游成铭. 华西雨屏区不同林龄柳杉人工林表层土壤磷组分特征[J]. 生态学杂志, 2024, 43(3): 623-632.

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华西雨屏区不同林龄柳杉人工林表层土壤磷组分特征

Characteristics of topsoil phosphorus fractions along a chronosequence of Cryptomeria japonica var. sinensis plantations in the rainy area of western China.

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