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生态学杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (5): 941-947.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202205.017

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

上海城市绿地土壤立枯丝核菌（Rhizoctonia solani）和齐整小核菌（Sclerotium rolfsii）空间分布特征

雒淑红1,骆玉珍1,张维维2,3,刘文2,何山文2,安磊2,王永杰1*,韩继刚2*   

  1. （1上海海洋大学食品学院， 上海 200120； 2上海市园林科学规划研究院， 上海 200232； 3东北大学资源与土木工程学院， 沈阳 110819）
  • 出版日期:2022-05-10 发布日期:2022-10-10

Distribution characteristics of Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsiiin the soil of urban green space in Shanghai.

LUO Shu-hong1, LUO Yu-zhen1, ZHANG Wei-wei2,3, LIU Wen2, HE Shan-wen2, AN Lei2, WANG Yong-jie1*, HAN Ji-gang2*   

  1. (1College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 200120, China; 2Shanghai Academy of Landscape Architecture Science and Planning, Shanghai 200232, China; 3College of Resources and Civil Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China).
  • Online:2022-05-10 Published:2022-10-10

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摘要： 为了明确严重危害上海园林绿化植物的立枯丝核菌（Rhizoctonia solani）和齐整小核菌（Sclerotium rolfsii）在绿地土壤中的分布特征，本研究采用实时荧光定量PCR方法对土壤中两种病原菌ITS基因丰度进行了定量测定，结合土壤理化性质，分析了两种病原菌在上海绿地土壤中的分布及主要影响因素。结果表明：绿地土壤pH偏碱性，含水率偏高，各理化指标变异系数较高；绿地土壤中立枯丝核菌和齐整小核菌的检出率分别为99.7%和11.6%，检出样品ITS基因的平均丰度分别为9.09×105和2.42×105 copies·g-1；立枯丝核菌ITS基因丰度在公园绿地和道路绿地土壤中存在显著性差异（P<0.05），在中心城区和郊区绿地土壤中的丰度差异不显著（P>0.05），表明其丰度受绿地类型影响显著；齐整小核菌ITS基因丰度在公园绿地和道路绿地以及中心城区和郊区绿地土壤中差异均不显著（P>0.05），其丰度与土壤全铬、全镍呈显著负相关，与土壤全砷呈极显著负相关。研究结果为防控上海绿地土壤中立枯丝核菌和齐整小核菌病害的发生提供了基础数据。

关键词: 城市绿地, 立枯丝核菌, 齐整小核菌, 分布特征, 影响因素

Abstract: To clarify the distribution characteristics of Rhizoctonia Solani and Sclerotium Rolfsii, which are seriously harmful to landscape plants in the urban green space in Shanghai, we quantitatively measured the abundance of ITS gene of two pathogens in the soil by realtime fluorescence quantitative PCR. Soil physical and chemical properties were simutaneously analyzed. The results showed that soil pH of green space is slightly alkaline, with high soil water content. The coefficient of variation of soil physical and chemical indices was high. The detection rates of R. solani and S. rolfsii in the soils were 99.7% and 11.6%. The average abundance of ITS gene was 9.09×105 and 2.42×105 copies·g-1, respectively. There was significant difference in ITS gene abundance of R. solani between the green space soil of park and road (P<0.05), and no difference between that of downtown and suburb sites (P>0.05), indicating that green space types affect ITS gene abundance of R. solani. There was no significant difference in ITS gene abundance of S. rolfsii between the green space soil of park and road, and between that of downtown and suburban sites (P>0.05). ITS gene abundance of S. rolfsii was significantly negatively correlated with soil total chromium, total nickel, and total arsenic contents. These results contribute to better understanding of the prevention and control of R. solani and S. rolfsii in the soil of urban green space in Shanghai.

Key words: urban green space, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii, distribution characteristics, influencing factor.

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