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生态学杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (12): 3961-3970.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202012.036

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

遮荫和土壤类型对青桐幼苗生长和养分含量的影响

智西民,何靖雯,王梦颖,蒋梦琳,杨瑶,李嘉鑫,陈良华,高顺*   

  1. (四川农业大学林学院, 长江上游森林资源保育与生态安全国家林业和草原局重点实验室, 成都 611130)
  • 出版日期:2020-12-10 发布日期:2021-06-10

Effects of shading and soil types on growth and nutrient content ofFirmiana platanifolia seedlings.

ZHI Xi-min, HE Jing-wen, WANG Meng-ying, JIANG Meng-lin, YANG Yao, LI Jia-xin, CHEN Liang-hua, GAO Shun*   

  1. (National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Faculty of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China).
  • Online:2020-12-10 Published:2021-06-10

摘要: 为探究遮荫和土壤类型对青桐(Firmiana platanifolia)幼苗的生长和养分含量的影响,以青桐幼苗为试验材料,采用二裂式裂区试验设计,设置全光(A1,遮光率0%)、50%遮荫(A2,遮光率28%)、75%遮荫(A3,遮光率45%)、95%遮荫(A4,遮光率68%)等4个遮荫处理,结合酸性紫色土(B1)、碱性紫色土(B2)、红壤(B3)、黄壤(B4)等4种土壤类型,分析遮荫、土壤及两者交互作用对青桐苗期生长和养分积累与分配特征的影响。结果表明:遮荫、土壤和两者交互作用显著影响了青桐的生长和养分积累(P<0.05)。随着遮荫强度增加,青桐幼苗苗高逐渐增加,在A4B2处理下苗高最大,但地径最小,其中A3B2处理下青桐幼苗地径和总生物量最大;同样,K、Ca、Mg、Na总积累量在A3B2处理下均达到最大值,遮荫处理增加K、Ca、Mg向叶的分配比例,减少向根的分配比例。同时,A3B2处理下青桐幼苗对K、Ca、Mg、Na利用效率也较大。综合分析认为,75%遮荫和碱性紫色土可提高青桐幼苗生长和生物量及养分的积累量,但过度遮荫对幼苗生长有一定的抑制作用。研究结果有助于筛选出青桐苗期适宜的关键栽培管理条件,为养分管理提供基础数据。

关键词: 遮荫, 土壤类型, 青桐, 积累量, 分配比例, 利用效率

Abstract: To clarify the effects of shading and soil types on growth and nutrient content of Firmiana platanifolia seedlings, we measured the growth, nutrient accumulation and allocation characteristics of F. platanifolia seedlings in an experiment followed two split plot test design. There were four different shading levels: natural light (A1), 50% shading (A2), 75% shading (A3), and 95% shading (A3), and four soil types: acid purple soil (B1), alkali purple soil (B2), red soil (B3) and yellow soil (B4). The results showed that the growth and nutrient accumulation of F. platanifolia were significantly affected by shading, soil types, and their interaction (P<0.05). With increasing shading intensity, the height of F. platanifoliaseedlings gradually increased. F. platanifoliawere highest but with smallest basal diameter under A4B2 treatment. The basal diameter and total biomass of F. platanifoliaseedlings were the highest under A3B2 treatment. Likewise, the total accumulation of K, Ca, Mg and Na reached its maximum value under A3B2 treatment. Shading treatment increased the allocation of K, Ca and Mg to leaves and reduced their allocation to roots. Meanwhile, F. platanifoliashowed greater use efficiency of K, Ca, Mg and Na under A3B2 treatment. In conclusion, 75% shading and alkaline purple soil could improve the growth, biomass and nutrient accumulation ofF. platanifoliaseedlings, but excessive shading had a certain inhibitory effect on seedling growth. Our findings will help to select the suitable key cultivation and management strategy, and provide support for nutrient management in F. platanifolia seedlings.

Key words: shading, soil type, Firmiana platanifolia, accumulation, allocation ratio, use efficiency.