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生态学杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (12): 4078-4089.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202012.001

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

大理西湖湿地景观中水体富营养化及截留功能的季节变化

彭园睿,何兴华,杨春灿,孙秋雁,刘志林,赵冬梅,角媛梅*   

  1. (云南师范大学旅游与地理科学学院, 昆明 650500)
  • 出版日期:2020-12-10 发布日期:2021-06-10

Seasonal changes of eutrophication and retention effect in wetland of Dali Xihu Lake.

PENG Yuan-rui, HE Xing-hua, YANG Chun-can, SUN Qiu-yan, LIU Zhi-lin, ZHAO Dong-mei, JIAO Yuan-mei*   

  1. (College of Tourism and Geographical Sciences, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China).
  • Online:2020-12-10 Published:2021-06-10

摘要: 科学评估湖泊型湿地水体富营养化及截留功能在季节及空间的变化规律对评价湖泊水环境质量、分析污染来源、改善湖泊水体富营养化和湿地/流域生态可持续具有重要意义。以大理洱海流域源区的西湖湿地4种景观分区下的水体为对象,分别于2019年4月(旱季末期)和10月(雨季末期)各采集32个水样,测定其总磷(TP)、总氮(TN)浓度,以截留量和水体富营养化综合指数(PI)评价大理西湖湿地的水体富营养化水平和截留功能。结果表明:农田水样TP、TN浓度均高于其他各类水样。富营养化评价表明:大理西湖湿地水体富营养化表现为旱季高于雨季,其中湿地类型中以农田水为最高(PI=3.45);景观分区中以农田区最高(PI=3.35);农业种植是导致该区域水体富营养化的主要原因。TP、TN截留量评价显示,湖滨湿地截留量(0.04、1.38 mg·L-1)最高,具有明显的截留功能。由于研究区磷、氮外源输入大且海拔高差较小,大理西湖湿地对于水体中TP、TN的截留效应不明显,造成西湖水体的富营养化。研究结果为大理西湖湿地的水体富营养化控制和洱海生态保护提供了参考依据。

关键词: 大理西湖, 总磷, 总氮, 富营养化, 水质评价, 截留量

Abstract: Evaluating eutrophication in lake wetland and seasonal and spatial change of interception function is important for assessing lake water quality, analyzing pollution sources, reducing lake eutrophication, and facilitating wetland sustainability. Here, we measured the concentrations of total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN) in 32 water samples respectively collected in April (the end of dry season) and October (the end of rainy season) 2019 from Xihu wetland landscapes in Dali, with criteria of retention capability and eutrophication composite index (PI). We evaluated the eutrophication level and retention effect. The results showed that the concentrations of TP and TN in farmland water were the highest among all kinds of water. The eutrophication level of wetland was higher in dry season than that in rainy season, which was the highest in farmland water (PI=3.45) among all the wetland types. Furthermore, farmland area had the highest level of landscape division (PI=3.35). Agricultural cultivation was a major cause of eutrophication in this region. The interception amount of TP and TN in lakeside wetlands was the highest (0.04 vs. 1.38 mg·L-1), implying an obvious purification function. Due to the large inputs of phosphorus and nitrogen and the limited elevational variation, the retention effect on TP and TN was less effective, which thus caused the eutrophication of Dali Xihu Lake. Our results provide a reference for the control of eutrophication in Dali Xihu Lake wetlands and ecological protection to Erhai Lake.

Key words: Dali Xihu Lake, total phosphorus, total nitrogen, eutrophication, water quality evaluation, retention.