多重干扰因子作用下城市水域周边自生植物组成及多样性

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202606.022

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 城市水域对周边自生植物组成及多样性具有明显的支持作用，但其作用在相当大的程度上会受到城市化和人为因素的干扰。本研究以武汉东湖周边自生植物为对象，采用冗余分析和地理探测器分析方法，针对多重干扰因子对城市水域周边春季自生植物组成及多样性的影响展开研究，旨在探明不同干扰类型、强度、交互作用背景下水绿复合空间协同支持自生植物多样性方面的表现和影响特征。结果表明：（1）武汉东湖周边绿地内春季自生植物种类丰富，共调查到39科95属129种，以一、二年生草本自生植物为主，入侵植物种类占比较大。（2）距道路距离、人类活动强度和距湖泊距离对自生植物多样性影响显著；距道路距离和人类活动强度对除一、二年生以外生活型的自生植物多样性具有负向影响；距湖泊距离对自生植物多样性产生了负面影响。（3）考虑多因子间交互作用，木本自生植物更易受水文情况等自然条件的影响，绿地管理强度与距道路距离交互作用对自生植物多样性具有最强解释力，距道路距离中等时呈现最高的自生植物多样性，一定程度上支持了中度干扰假说。研究结果将为城市水绿复合空间近自然、低维护的自生植物群落营建提供理论与实践参考。

关键词: 武汉东湖, 城市绿地, 自生植物, 多重干扰, 生物多样性

Abstract: Urban water bodies play a significant supportive role in the composition and diversity of spontaneous plants in the surrounding areas, with such influence being greatly affected by urbanization and human interferences. To explore the performance of water-green composite spaces in supporting spontaneous plant diversity under different types, intensities, and interactions of disturbances, we examined the effects of multiple disturbances on the composition and diversity of spontaneous plants in the green areas around East Lake of Wuhan using redundancy analysis and geographic detector analysis methods. The results showed that: (1) The green space around East Lake of Wuhan was rich in spontaneous plant species, with a total of 129 species belonging to 95 genera and 39 families. The majority of plant species were annual and biennial herbs, and the invasive plant species accounted for a relatively large proportion. (2) Distance from the road, intensity of human activity, and distance from the lake significantly affected spontaneous plant diversity. Distance from the road and intensity of human activity had a negative effect on spontaneous plants of all life forms except annual and biennial herbs. Distance from the lake negatively affected spontaneous plants. (3) Considering the interaction among multiple factors, woody spontaneous plants were more susceptible to the influence of natural conditions such as hydrological conditions. The interaction between the intensity of green space management and the distance from the road had the strongest explanatory power for spontaneous plant diversity. The diversity of spontaneous plants was the highest at medium distance from the road, which to some extent supports the moderate disturbance hypothesis. The results will provide a theoretical and practical reference for the construction of urban water-green composite space with near-natural and low-maintenance spontaneous plant community.

Key words: East Lake of Wuhan, urban green space, spontaneous plant, multiple disturbance, biodiversity

蔡梦倩, 蓝松涛, 姜曼, 朱春阳. 多重干扰因子作用下城市水域周边自生植物组成及多样性[J]. 生态学杂志, 2026, 45(6): 1943-1955.

CAI Mengqian, LAN Songtao, JIANG Man, ZHU Chunyang. Spontaneous plant composition and species diversity around urban water bodies under the influence of multiple disturbances.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2026, 45(6): 1943-1955.

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多重干扰因子作用下城市水域周边自生植物组成及多样性

Spontaneous plant composition and species diversity around urban water bodies under the influence of multiple disturbances.

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