长白山泥炭地不同深度、微地形和海拔条件下甲烷与二氧化碳排放潜力的变化规律

doi:10.13292/j.1000-4890.202603.031

生态学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 827-935.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202603.031

长白山泥炭地不同深度、微地形和海拔条件下甲烷与二氧化碳排放潜力的变化规律

甄若一¹,张国豪¹,章可颖²,王红岩^1,3*,于志国¹

（¹南京信息工程大学水文与水资源学院，南京 210044； ²浙江大学海洋学院，浙江舟山 316000； ³中国科学院生态环境研究中心，北京 100085）

出版日期:2026-03-10 发布日期:2026-09-01

Variability of methane and carbon dioxide emission potentials in peatlands of Changbai Mountain under different depths, microtopography, and elevation conditions.

ZHEN Ruoyi¹, ZHANG Guohao¹, ZHANG Keying², WANG Hongyan^1,3*, YU Zhiguo¹

(¹School of Hydrology and Water Resource, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China; ²Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316000, Zhejiang, China; ³Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China).

Online:2026-03-10 Published:2026-09-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 北方泥炭地是大气中CH₄和CO₂的重要排放源，但在气候变化背景下其在不同空间尺度上的排放规律尚不明晰。本研究以长白山典型北方泥炭地为对象，采集了不同海拔和微地形的泥炭剖面样本，通过室内微宇宙厌氧培养实验，结合气体排放监测与泥炭土理化性质分析，探讨了深度、微地形以及海拔对CH₄和CO₂排放潜力的影响及机制。结果表明：随深度增加，CH₄和CO₂的累积排放量降低，表层（0～5 cm）的CH₄和CO₂的排放量分别为8.13±4.14、28.7±13.3 mg·g^-1；表层CH₄的累积排放量分别是亚表层（5～20 cm）和深层泥炭土（20～40 cm）的1.8～5.6倍和1.6～9.6倍；表层CO₂的累积排放量是亚表层、深层泥炭土的1.5～3.8倍和1.2～4.9倍。同时，海拔和微地形显著影响表层泥炭土CH₄和CO₂的排放（P<0.05）：高海拔泥炭地及草丘微地形具有较高的CH₄和CO₂排放潜力。相关性分析表明，CH₄和CO₂的累积排放量与pH、水溶性有机碳（WEOC）含量呈显著正相关（pH：R²=0.43～0.52，P<0.05；WEOC：R²=0.64～0.72，P<0.05），与可溶性有机质的芳香性指数（SUVA₂₅₄）和有机质碳/氮含量比值（C/N）呈显著负相关（SUVA₂₅₄：R²=0.44～0.47，P<0.05；C/N：R²=0.74～0.79，P<0.05）。研究表明，泥炭地碳排放潜力的空间变化规律与泥炭土的pH和有机质可利用性相关，揭示了影响泥炭地碳排放的主要因素，并加深了对未来气候变化背景下不同空间尺度上的泥炭地碳损失潜力的认识。

关键词: 微地形, 海拔, 深度, 有机质, CH₄, CO₂

Abstract: Although northern peatlands are significant sources of atmospheric methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂), the spatial patterns of these emissions in the context of climate change remain poorly understood. In this study, peat cores were collected from different altitudes and microtopographies in peatlands of Changbai Mountain. Through an anaerobic incubation experiment, we combined gas monitoring with peat physicochemical properties to investigate how depth, microtopography, and altitude influenced the emission potentials of CH₄ and CO₂. The results showed that both CH₄ and CO₂ emissions decreased toward deeper peat. CH₄ and CO₂ emissions from the surface peat (0-5 cm) were 8.13±4.14 mg·g^-1 and 28.7±13.3 mg·g^-1 dry peat, respectively. CH₄ emissions from surface peat were 1.8-5.6 times higher than in subsurface peat (5-20 cm) and 1.6-9.6 times higher than in deep peat (20-40 cm). Similarly, CO₂ emissions of surface peat were 1.5-3.8 times higher than that in subsurface peat and 1.2-4.9 times higher than that in deep peat. Meanwhile, both elevation and microtopography had significant effects (P<0.05) on CH₄ and CO₂ emissions from surface peat. High-elevation peatlands and hummocks had higher CH₄ and CO₂ emission potentials. The cumulative CH₄ and CO₂ emissions were significantly positively correlated with soil pH and water-extractable organic carbon (WEOC) content (pH: R²=0.43-0.52, P<0.05; WEOC: R²=0.64-0.72, P<0.05), and were significantly negatively correlated with the specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA₂₅₄) of soluble organic matter and the ratio of carbon-to-nitrogen content of organic matter (SUVA₂₅₄: R²=0.44-0.47, P<0.05; C/N: R²=0.74-0.79, P<0.05). Our results indicate that the spatial variability of carbon emission potential in peatlands is influenced by pH and the availability of organic carbon. These findings identify the key factors driving carbon emissions of peatlands and improve our understanding of carbon loss potential across different spatial scales, particularly in the context of climate change.

Key words: microtopography, elevation, depth, organic matter, CH₄, CO₂

甄若一, 张国豪, 章可颖, 王红岩, 于志国. 长白山泥炭地不同深度、微地形和海拔条件下甲烷与二氧化碳排放潜力的变化规律[J]. 生态学杂志, 2026, 45(3): 827-935.

ZHEN Ruoyi, ZHANG Guohao, ZHANG Keying, WANG Hongyan, YU Zhiguo. Variability of methane and carbon dioxide emission potentials in peatlands of Changbai Mountain under different depths, microtopography, and elevation conditions.[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2026, 45(3): 827-935.

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长白山泥炭地不同深度、微地形和海拔条件下甲烷与二氧化碳排放潜力的变化规律

Variability of methane and carbon dioxide emission potentials in peatlands of Changbai Mountain under different depths, microtopography, and elevation conditions.

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