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生态学杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3): 1006-1015.doi: 10.13292/j.1000-4890.202603.003

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

2001—2023年三北工程区NDVI时空演变及其驱动因子

杨佳铭1,2,曹艳萍2*,李加林1,3,4   

  1. 1宁波大学地理科学与遥感技术学院, 浙江宁波 315211; 2河南大学地理科学与工程学部, 地理科学学院, 郑州 450046; 3陆海国土空间利用与治理浙江省协同创新中心, 浙江宁波 315211; 4宁波大学东海研究院, 浙江宁波 315211)

  • 出版日期:2026-03-10 发布日期:2026-09-01

Spatiotemporal variation and driving factors of NDVI in the Three-North Shelterbelt Project Region from 2001 to 2023.

YANG Jiaming1,2, CAO Yanping2*, LI Jialin1,3,4   

  1. (1School of Geography and Remote Sensing, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China; 2College of Geographical Sciences, Faculty of Geographical Science and Engineering, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; 3Zhejiang Collaborative Innovation Centre for Land and Marine Spatial Utilization and Governance Research, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China; 4Ningbo University Donghai Academy, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China).

  • Online:2026-03-10 Published:2026-09-01

摘要: 三北工程区是中国荒漠化最严重的地区,也是国家部署实施的重点生态工程建设区,了解三北工程区的植被生长状况具有十分重要的意义。本文基于一元线性回归趋势分析、Hurst指数,对三北工程区植被NDVI在2001—2023年间的时空变化特征以及未来变化趋势进行分析,同时结合最优地理探测器(OPGD)探究气候、地形和人类活动因子对该地区NDVI变化的影响。结果表明:(1)2001—2023年三北工程区的植被NDVI显著增加,平均趋势率为0.0016 a-1P<0.05)。植被NDVI的空间分布存在明显差异,自西北向东南整体呈现“低—中—高”的空间分布格局。(2)研究区大部分区域(59.62%)的NDVI呈显著增加趋势;以贺兰山为大致分界线,西部的NDVI增加趋势明显低于东部,其中NDVI增加最快的区域集中分布于东部的“大兴安岭—燕山”附近及黄土高原区。(3)气候因素对三北工程区植被NDVI变化的解释力最强,而水分条件(降水量、实际蒸发量等)的驱动作用尤其突出;人类活动的驱动作用仅次于水分条件,且两者的交互作用呈增强态势。(4)驱动因子对不同分区植被NDVI变化的解释力具有明显差异,自西北向东南,重要的驱动因素分别是人类活动、水分条件以及水分与地形的共同作用。


关键词: 三北工程区, NDVI, 时空演变, 驱动因子, 地理探测器

Abstract: The Three-North Shelterbelt Project Region is one of the most severely desertified areas in China and a key focus of national ecological restoration initiatives. Understanding vegetation dynamics in this region is of great significance for evaluating the restoration effectiveness and guiding ecological management. We analyzed the spatiotemporal variations from 2001 to 2023 and future trajectory of vegetation NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) across the Three-North Region using univariate linear regression and the Hurst index. In addition, the Optimal Geographic Detector (OPGD) was employed to assess the influence of climatic, topographic, and anthropogenic factors on NDVI changes. The results showed that: (1) NDVI in this region increased significantly from 2001 to 2023, with an average rate of 0.0016 a-1 (P<0.05). Spatially, NDVI exhibited a clear northwest-to-southeast gradient, transitioning from low to medium to high values, reflecting pronounced regional variations. (2) Approximately 59.62% of the study area experienced a significant greening trend. The Helan Mountains roughly marked a boundary, with weaker NDVI increases in the west and more pronounced trends in the east. The fastest NDVI increases were observed in the eastern regions, particularly around the Daxing’anling-Yanshan Mountains and the Loess Plateau. (3) Climatic factors, especially moisture-related variables such as precipitation and actual evapotranspiration, had the strongest explanatory power for NDVI variations. Human activities ranked the second but exhibited a growing synergistic effect when interacting with moisture conditions. (4) The relative importance of driving factors varied across subregions. From northwest to southeast, dominant drivers shifted from human activity in arid zones, to moisture conditions in transitional areas, and to combined effects of moisture and topography in the more humid southeastern regions.


Key words: Three-North Shelterbelt Project Region, NDVI, spatiotemporal evolution, driving factor, Geodetector